72 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY” 
From Cesar’s Head there is a magnificent view, having Table-rock directly in front, brought out 
against a back-ground of mountains that fade away into the blue and far distance. To the left 
the eye wanders far and wide over the plain of foliage below; and from the right the hum of a 
little stream is heard, as it takes its fearful jump over a ledge of rock on the side of the mountain. 
Returning about a mile down the mountain to gain a point from which the base of the rock is 
accessible, I found thin hornblende slates—proving the continuity of the beds of this rock, that 
underlie the escarpment on Glassy. i 
After a pathless and toilsome ramble of four miles, over rugged masses of rock, accompanied by 
my young friend, Oscar Lieber, I reached the base of the rock, which is protected from further 
undermining by the talus which it has formed of its own ruins. 
From the Saluda to Table-rock a similar section is presented, with the exception that the slates 
occupy a greater space. 
At the foot of the mountain a coarse, feldspathic granite, with veins of porphyritic granite, occurs, 
which seems to have produced a fold in the overlying rocks: the usual S. E. dip, however, prevails 
to the top. 
The enormous mass known as the Table-rock stands on the summit of a mountain, on the west 
side of the valley of the Saluda. A terrace passes round the base of the rock, made up of loose 
fragments that have fallen from above, making a slope that extends into the valley, and which 
completely hides the mountain side. From this terrace the relation of the underlying rocks to 
this stupendous mass, can be better examined than elsewhere. The rock itself is undoubtedly 
an outlyer from the stratum at Czesar’s Head, and which is found capping the entire range.— 
The escarpment exposed by this rock is vertical or even a little overhanging, and measures, as I 
was informed, in perpendicular height, 800 feet. It rests unconformably upon the edges of the 
hornblende slates already mentioned. The dip of the latter is 30°, while that of 'Table-rock is 
not more than 10° or 15°. The exact line of junction of the two is not well defined, although in 
the space of a yard or two the passage from one to the other may be observed. ‘The hornblende 
slate is seen running up into the gneiss in wedge-shaped beds. 
The face of the escarpment is east and west, while the strike of the strata is N. 30 E. so that 
the dip can be observed sufficiently well at this place. At the east end of the rock the slaty strata 
are well exposed, for they are not yet covered by the fallen fragments. At this point the dip is 
8. E. 30°. 
On the top of the rock I found beds of hornblende slate, another point of identity between it and 
Czesar’s Head, on the summit of which similar beds occur. On the brow of the rock channels of 
considerable depth are worn by the drainage-water, which, in its descent, is divided into drops, 
presenting the phenomenon of rain; and on the terrace, immediately beneath the highest point of 
the rock, is a clear pool of water, supplied from this source. 
Leaving this interesting locality, for the present, we pursue our route along the base of the 
Estato, to Jocassa Valley, where the White-water takes its headlong leap down the slope of the 
enormous beds of gneiss which we have examined elsewhere, and which must be, at these falls, at 
least three or four hundred feet in perpendicular height. At the lower falls the rocks are shelving, 
caused by the giving way of the more destructible underlying rocks. In the centre, where it has 
