88 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
range extends through Chesterfield into Lancaster, the southern extremity terminating in Kershaw 
District, near Sawney’s Creek, and in York District, near the Catawba. 
Other scattered mines are found beyond these limits, such as the vein on Wildcat Creek, in 
Greenville District, and those on Allison’s Creek, in York. 
In the King’s Mountain range the first mine, towards the North, on King’s Creek, is a very 
remarkable one, being nothing more than a bed of rather poor iron ore and common quartz, about 
three feet thick, in mica slate. The gold is not disseminated throughout the mass, but is confined to 
certain portions of it, in which small quartz veins abound. The gold is found, however, in the 
ferruginous portion of the bed. 'The iron is hematite, and bears a strong resemblance to the other 
ores of iron in this range. 
In many respects this mine bears a strong analogy to an interesting one in the immediate 
vicinity of the mountain, on the North Carolina side, where the gangue consists of yellow oxide of 
iron, with some quartz; the only important difference being in the thickness of the bed, and in the 
occurrence of the iron as a yellow ochre. Gold has been found in other places in this range, asso- 
ciated with iron ore: as, for instance, near the Bird Bank, and between this point and the iron works. 
In Lockhart’s Mine, which occurs near Limestone Springs, the gangue is coarse common quartz, 
very irregular in thickness, and cutting the mica slates a little to the East of the strike. This 
vein, judging from the surface rocks, bids fair to be productive, but hitherto it has not proved so in 
the extraction of the gold from the gangue. 
Nuckols and Norris’s mine, a few miles above Grindal Shoals presents one of the very best oppor- 
tunities of examining the gold-bearing quartz veins, in their relation to the rocks which they inter- 
sect. This mine occupies the top and side of a hill, and is therefore exceedingly favorable as a 
mining ground. A thin stratum of mica slate, in which the veins were first detected, caps the 
hill and rests upon granite, much disintegrated and decomposed. On the hill side, in this soft 
granite, an adit level has been driven a distance of eighty feet, which intersects at least some of 
the veins which are exposed on the surface, showing that they extended from the granite upwards, 
through the slates. 
A horizontal plan of this mine is presented (Fig. 18) which shows the relative position of the 
lodes cut by the level. They are represented by the dark lines crossing the level. They vary in 
