OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 125 
containing more or less tale, and splitting readily, and consequently quarried to a limited extent. 
On the Battle Ground a rude stone furnishes, at the same time, a specimen of the rocks of the 
mountain, and marks the spot where the brave fellows fell, who fought and died here. 
Farther down, towards Clarke’s Fork, this rock becomes more talcose, and is used for tablets for 
graves, to some extent. Good whetstones are found here, and at Crawford’s mill fine specimens of 
jasper and striped agate occur. 
Parallel with the King’s Mountain range, and between King’s Creek and Buffalo Creek, the mica 
and talcose slates are found, in a narrow belt, extending from the North Carolina line to Cherokee 
Ford. The mica slates that compose the ridge near the river, are a prolongation of the King’s 
Mountain range, and are finely exposed near the iron works, in a gorge through which Dear Little 
Creek flows. 
From the bed of the stream to the top of the hill, thick, somewhat contorted beds of this rock 
are exposed. Crossing the river, it forms the shoals and the islands known as the “Ninety-nine 
Islands.” Near the furnace the river is divided by an island composed of quartz rock, which rises 
up in bold masses at its northern extremity. Along the northern flank of this ridge beds of iron 
ore are found at intervals, nearly throughout its entire extent. These have already been described 
under the head of the ores of the State. 
The next strata in the section towards the North include the limestone beds, which seem to 
occupy the line of a slight anticlinal axis—probably one of those flexures common in these slates. 
About a quarter of a mile from the North Carolina line the lime-rock first makes its appearance, 
on the land of Mr. Ettres, where the bed is exposed to a depth of twenty feet. . A small kiln is in 
operation at this place, and about 1500 bushels of lime are bummed annually, and sold at eighteen 
cents a bushel, on the spot. The capacity of the kiln is about 250 bushels, and requires ten or 
twelve cords of wood for a charge. Strike of the rocks N. 30° E. dip N. W. 
Wisenant’s bed is near this, and can be traced 100 yards across the stratum. Lime is burned 
here also, in a kiln of 300 bushels’ capacity, requiring about eleven cords of wood. About two 
miles from this is Hardin’s locality, which I examined across the outcrop 150 yards. 
South of this there are two parallel strata on which several other localities are known. Among 
these are the beds on the land of Hollander and Bird; one on the land of the Hon. W. C. Black, 
and another the property of the King’s Mountain Iron Manufacturing Company. The latter is a 
fine exposure: the stratum is nearly vertical, and exhibits evident marks of the denuding action of 
water. 
These localities are confined to the bottoms of valleys, which follow the strike of the rocks, are 
drained by the branches of King’s Creek, and, like all the depressions in this region, are the result 
of denudation. ‘The lime-rock presents less resistance to abrasion and chemical action than the 
associated rocks, and hence have suffered more from these agencies, and, in the lapse of time, have 
been reduced to their present level. At some of the quarries mentioned the rock requires some atten- 
tion in selecting it for burning, as it is often rendered impure by admixture with the talcose and 
other rocks with which it is interstratified. This remark, however, applies only to a few localities, 
for generally the beds are free from all impurities, and the lime manufactured from them of excel- 
lent quality. 
This rock appears again on Broad River, a few hundred yards from the bed of magnetic ore, on 
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