158 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
At Felder’s I observed an old lime-kiln, excavated in the marl, in which lime was once burned. 
The section exposed here is an interesting one. ‘There are many others on the river, at this place, 
but I had no means of examining them. 
At Hale’s mill a good exposure is presented, where the relative position of the beds seen lower 
down, is well exhibited. The upper bed of soft marl is about ten feet thick, in which Terebratula 
lachryma is quite abundant. The lower bed is mixed with irregular grains of green sand, of larger 
size than I have seen elsewhere: they are quite smooth and even polished on the surface. The 
upper part of this bed is rich in fossils, of which the most numerous is O. Selieformis, (young.) 
Cardium nicolleti, Cyprea lapidosa, Nautilus Alabamiensis are also found intermingled with them. 
At Cave Hall a good opportunity is presented for the further examination of these beds. The 
cave at this place is another instance of the exposure of a subterranean stream, by the falling in 
of the roof of the passage which it had worked through the calcareous rocks. The little stream, 
after leaving the cave, which is quite a spacious one, passes down a ravine, towards the river, and 
exposes, on each side, thick strata of marl. 
The mixture of green sand and marl is seen in a bed of considerable thickness, forming the sides 
of the cave, and characterised by the fossils found at Hale’s mill. The roof of the cave is com- 
posed of marl stone, containing but little green sand. 
On Stout’s Creek the calcareous beds disappear, and the green sand is seen along the banks 
and in the bed of the stream, and below Warley’s store it thins out over the buhr-stone, on the hill 
side. . 
Higher up, on Halfway Swamp, both the green sand and superincumbent calcareous beds occur. 
Commencing at Heatly Hall, some fine sections may be examined, where fifteen or twenty feet of 
white marl is found overlying a bed of green sand and marl, twenty or thirty feet in thickness. 
The fossilliferous portion of the latter contains fossils identical with those at Hale’s. Sharks’ teeth, 
in a fine state of preservation, are found at this locality; and I obtained a single process of the 
snout of a Pristis. 
Proceeding along the edge of the swamp, these beds may be traced to Belle Broughton, Mr. 
Darby’s plantation. An excavation having been made here for a lime-kiln, a good opportunity was 
afforded for examining a section composed of marl, marl stone, and green sand. The marl stone, 
though in some instances quite hard, is not compact, like that at Gourdin’s Ferry. The most com- 
mon fossil is O. Selleformis. One or two species of crab were found here, and corals are not 
uncommon. At the base of the hill, and bordering the swamp, the green sand was traced, rising 
gradually, nearly to the old mill, where the marl disappears, and the green sand passes below the 
silicious clay bed. ‘To place the relative position of these two beyond doubt, we bored through the 
green sand to the clay. 
West of this I saw marl, containing scattered grains of green sand, on Lime-hill Creek, a branch 
of Four Hole Swamp. The surface is not sufficiently broken to exhibit more than the upper bed 
of white marl, which is exposed along the stream for a considerable distance. Full grown speci- 
mens of O. Selleformis are pretty abundant at this locality; and from what I saw myself, and 
from the information collected by Mr. Ruffin, I infer that this bed is underlaid by one of green 
sand. : 
