166 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
with Balanus peregrinus, Gryphea mutabilis, and Anomia jugosa. Every where, on the river, 
the marl is exceedingly homogenious in structure, and presents, in every respect, but little variation. 
The surface is very uneven, and while, at Castel’s Bluff, it rises eight or ten feet above the water, 
a short distance up stream it sinks below its level. It may be traced along the bank of the river, 
at low water, beyond Magnolia and Drayton Hall. 
Greer’s Landing is noted as the Zeuglodon locality, and it has been a fruitful source of fossils, 
since first noticed by Mr. Ruffin. It is a long, low bluff, extending from the landing to Middleton 
Place. The remains of fishes and bones of cetacea are abundant, and it was here that the most 
perfect remains of the head of the Zeuglodon that has yet been discovered, was found. The indi- 
vidual to which this head belonged was small, compared with those from Alabama, or that found 
in the green sand at Mazyck’s. 
The first intimation of the existence of this strange cetacean, on the Ashley, I owe to Mr. F. S. 
Holmes, who sent me a portion of the upper jaw, with one perfect tooth in its proper socket; and 
although it differed in size, and in other respects, from all the specimens hitherto discovered, its 
Zeuglodon characteristics were quite evident, and, with the rest of the skull, (afterwards found by 
Prof. L. R. Gibbes,) added very materially to our knowledge of the true affinities of this cetacean. 
Other bones, and among them a perfect scapula and another skull, have since been found by Mr. 
Holmes. So that the Ashley bids fair to become as famous for mammalian remains as it is already 
for those of fishes. 
The marl of these beds has been traced as high up as the sources of the river, without much 
deviation from its usual character, as seen lower down. 
e 
Fossius oF THE ASHLEY AND CooPER. 
Mammalia. 
Equus, Paleotheria, Zeuglodon, 
teeth. teeth. head, otolithes, 
Tapir, Manatus, and vertebre. 
teeth. ribs. 
Reptilia. 
Chelonia. 
Pisces —Detached teeth, Ichthyodorulites, and vertebre. 
Pristis, 1 species. Galeocerdo, 6 species. 
Ptychodus, 1 “ Hemipristis, 2 “ 
Myliobatis, 5 “ Glyphis, LP Ue 
Carcharodon,10 =“ Otodus, Aris 
Corax, Agius: Oxyrhina, 9 “ 
Lamna, Or aeeee 
Ceelorhynchus.* 
+This is different from the Santee species. It was discovered and presented to me by the Rev. Dr. Hanckel. 
