OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 255 
The sub-soil of No. 1 consisted of a light, yellow clay, with erystals of feldspar scattered through 
it, and small concretions of iron ore. Though a productive soil, it would have been greatly bene- 
fitted by deep draining. 
Of the following, No. 1 is from Anderson, below the village; No. 2, from Spartanburg, three 
miles north of Limestone Springs ; and No. 3 from Greenville, east of the village. 
No. 1. No. 2. No. 3. 
Orpanicumatter. --.. su Seeeessess V.20S ase ee A 0S eee 512.60 
PUGS: pee = ee ee 8S 00 R seee OO s = sae 7500 
JA oS ey ee ee BR ae (pee EE set S00 os eee ONO) 
Oxide of npn ese Se ee =e ee 2 -00E Ee OE e e050 
ime 53 = (6 224 aera tt 2 ee 100 e222 200 a” 0:40 
Map neste = see eae. aoe —scacneon WN ee SENET 
ORAS enh, So ee ee oe ——__---_-- ee ee —— 
‘Phosphate’ @lime’.-_ [2252-3 52 aes eS tratet -Seaces 
Witttencan dilossee yee e tear ec a AOL eee eral eo () ecemeiney se 8.90 
100.00 100.00 100.00 
Of the following, No. 1 is from the top of Glassy Mountain, Greenville ; No. 2, from Pendleton 
= . . ° a . ? 
North of the village ; and No. 3 is decomposed gneiss, from an excavation in front of the residence 
of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun. 
No. |. INO 2: No. 3. 
Orraniommatters = seaman aan OLU0R 2 a2. 2) C002 nes == 
Silias] sates ee eee ee oes 3 406/608 -2 20 oe 100082 80.00 
AL ee ee ee ee Whi60shas5 a2 NOHO} = ee 9.80 
Oxide of irons2- we oS SS SSeS A () ere ee Phe: \) ey 21010) 
6: See eee =e oe EO 9 re ee O:905=3 45423 0.30 
Mapeésias-—o. 2 --——--- === -5— - O06.<S252-- LOO saa es 0.40 
Wotmshe aus okt ene eee ese OOS ek OL60S S22 se 0.70 
ul phate Obs l NOs sneer e te —eniin O;802s= 22a == 
Water and: lossugueee esses 2. 1034. esos (aie {Oe ee ee 6.20 
100.00 100.00 100.00 
Soils of the Trap Rocks. 
Nothing can be more striking than the contrast between the soils of the Trap rocks, and those by 
which they are surrounded. ‘Their warm deep brown color, distinguishes them from the other soils 
of the State; and the only soils for which they can be at all mistaken, are those derived from the 
hornblende slates, which they resemble in colur and texture, but the color of the latter inclines more 
to yellow. They are known in Laurens as mulatto soils, in allusion to their color, 
The Trap soils are more uniform in character than any other soils in the State, at the same time 
that they are much more influenced by the physical features of the country ; owing to their peculiar 
subsoil. 
The rock passes in the last stages of decomposition into a yellow clayey substance resembling 
wax, which is not very plastic, but is exceedingly impervious to water, and hence, where the land 
is not broken or sufficiently inclined to allow the water to pass off, the soil becomes unproductive. 
For this reason the extensive trap region of Chester has never been brought into cultivation, except- 
ing in spots, where it is undulating. And yet this soil is precisely the same as that of the Flat-woods 
