on Stone Croffes. 513 
has now loft its flowers, or branches. I make 
ufe of thefe terms, as implying a remarkable 
diftinttion from the common fimple Greek or 
Latin crofs, which is only compofed of two 
crofs beams ; the latter with a long fhaft or pil- 
lar, the former with the pillar and arms al- 
ways of equal length. 
In this circumftance, I muft now call in the 
affiftance of heraldry. Having, fome little time 
before I faw the Penrith pillars, been at Carlifle, 
and examined the ftru@ure of the cathedral, I 
could not help remarking, that one part of the 
: 4 was crowned in a long range, with 
what is called in heraldry the Crofs Patonce. The 
{weeps or flowerings uniting their extremities 
with each other, formed a rich embattlement 
to that ancient ftruéture: this I conjecture to be 
the part faid to be renewed in the time of King 
Edward the Third; thefe croffes having their 
flowerings much curved like thofe reprefented in 
the plate, which exhibits to the eye, in each 
crofs, four piercings: fimilar portions I found 
yet remaining upon the pillars at Penrith; and 
that which ftands by itfelf, in the fame church 
yard, called the Giants Thumb, has ftill the 
two lower holes in it, which do not appear 
in any other crofs in arms. An artift, with 
the affiftance of his pencil, may very eafily con- 
vince any one, how and where fuch appropriate 
parts are wanting, as the fegments of thefe 
Sss piercings. 
