Population, ^c. in Penjylvania. 193 



wants produce mutual dependance: hence they 

 are kind and friendly to each other. Their 

 folitary fituation makes vifiters agreeable to them : 

 hence they are hofpitable to ftrangers. Their 

 want of money (for they raife but little more 

 than is neceffary to fupport their families) has 

 made it neceffary for them to affociate for the 

 purpofesofbuiJding houfes, cutting their grain, 

 and the like: this they do in turns for each 

 other, without any other pay than the pleafures 

 which ufualiy attend a country frolic. Per- 

 haps what I have called virtues are rather qua- 

 lities arifing from neceffity, and the peculiar 

 ftate of fociety in which thefe people live. Vir- 

 tue fhould in all cafes be the offspring of principle. 

 I do not pretend to fay that this mode of fet- 

 tling farms in Penfylvania is univerfal. I have 

 known fome inflances where the firft fettler has 

 performed the improvements of the fecond, and 

 yielded to the third. I have known a few in- 

 ftances likewife of men of enterprizing fpirits 

 who have fettled in the wildernefs, and who in 

 the courfe of a fingle life have advanced through 

 all the intermediate ftages of improvement that 

 I have mentioned, and produced all thofe con- 

 veniences which have been afcribed to the third 

 fpecies of fettlersi thereby refembling in their 

 exploits not only the pioneers and light infantry, 

 but the main body of an army. 



