SECRETARY’S REPORT 5a: 
the term “excavation” does not indicate the complete investigation 
of a site, but usually means that only about 10 percent of it has been 
uncovered. There are some cases, however, where the locality is of 
sufficient significance to warrant extensive digging. Preliminary ap- 
praisal reports have been issued for all the reservoir areas surveyed, 
with the exception of the Big Bend in South Dakota and the group 
of three in Chattahoochee Basin. The report for the Big Bend has 
been completed, however, and will be processed early in the coming 
fiscal year. One preliminary report covering the survey of the 
Dardanelle Reservoir area in Arkansas was mimeographed and dis- 
tributed during the year. Since the beginning of the Inter-Agency 
Archeological Salvage Program, 184 appraisal reports have been 
issued. The discrepancy between that number and the total of the 
reservoir areas examined is due to the fact that in several cases in- 
formation obtained from a number of reservoir projects located in 
a single basin or subbasin have been combined in a single report. 
By the end of the fiscal year 388 sites in 52 reservoir basins located 
in 19 different States had been either partially or extensively dug. 
Only a single site was excavated in some of the reservoir areas, while 
in others a whole series was investigated. At least one example of 
each type of site recommended by the preliminary surveys had been 
excavated. In some cases it has been necessary to dig a number of 
somewhat similar sites because the complexity of such remains makes 
it essential to have considerable comparative material in order to 
obtain full information about that particular phase of aboriginal cul- 
ture. In brief it may be said that the cultural stages represented 
cover the range from the early hunting peoples of about 10,000 years 
ago to the frontier trading and Army posts of the latter part of 
the 19th century. Reports of the results obtained from some of 
the excavations have been published in Bulletins of the Bureau of 
American Ethnology, in the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 
and in various scientific journals. During the year River Basin 
Surveys Paper No. 8, Bulletin 166 of the Bureau of American Eth- 
nology, was distributed. It was written by Dr. Douglas Osborne 
and pertains to excavations in the McNary Reservoir Basin near 
Umatilla, Oreg. Accompanying the archeological report are ap- 
pendices on the skeletal material, trade goods, and composition of 
the copper objects found during the excavations. River Basin Sur- 
veys Papers 9-14, which will constitute Bulletin 169 of the Bureau 
of American Ethnology, were in page proof at the end of the year, 
and the volume should be ready for distribution early in the next 
fiscal year. Three of the papers pertain to investigations in the 
Missouri Basin, two to work done in the Jim Woodruff Reservoir 
area, Georgia-Florida, and one to a site in the Alatoona Reservoir 
