PHYLOGENY OF THE PAL^OGNATH^ AND NEOGNATH^.. 153 



C. CASUARIUS VIOLICOLLIS. 

 C. UNAPPBNDICULATUS, 



A. spinale. — As in C. casuarius sahadorii. 



A. mesogastrcei. — This was much more clearly defined than in C. casuarius. Its 

 width exceeded that of the apterium spinale. 



I have not been able to examine spirit-specimens of nestling Cassowaries. Con- 

 sequently I am unable to say whether there is an oil-gland, as in Drommis (p. 154) ; 

 or whether the general pattern of t!ie body-coloration is continued on the podotheca, 

 and the integument covering the nasal fossa : features which obtain in Droma'us. 



One conspicuous difference between the nestling and the adult Casuarius is the fact 

 that the head and neck are densely feathered in the former. The casque is indicated 

 by a horny plate covering the roof of the skull. 



DEOMiEUS Nov^-HOLLANDi^. (Nestling.) 



Ajiteria : — 

 A. spinale. — This is wanting. 

 A. mesogastrm. — In form and relations this agrees with Casuarius, but is relatively 



much smaller. 

 A. trimci laterale. — As in Casuarius. 



Pterylce : — 



P. alaris. — There are 17 remiges in all. Of these, 10 are cubitalsand? metacarpo- 

 digitals. These remiges in the adult are peculiar, lacking the calamus and 

 possessing an aftershaft. 



The tectrices are arranged in obliquely transverse rows, as in Bhea (p. 156), but they 

 are not sharply separated one from another as in that genus. Furthermore, they are 

 not separable into major, median, minor, and marginal series as in Neognathw. They 

 extend outwards on to the manus. All the primaries apparently belong to the meta- 

 carpal series. Digit II. is free. That is to say, so much of this vestigial digit as 

 remains projects freely beyond the feathers, and bears a claw as in ArchcBOpteryx, 

 Opisfhocomus, and the Gallina'. In these last the claw appears in the embryo. 



There is no ala spuria ; and rectriccs are also wanting.j 



Bhampliotheca. — That of the upper jaw resembles that of Casuarius. The rhinotheca. 

 caudad, is sharply distinguished from a thin cere in which the nostrils, which are 

 impervious, are placed. The position of the nostrils is about the middle of the 

 beak. They are not protected by an operculum. 



The sheatli of the lower jaw is also composed, as in Casuarius, of three pieces — a 

 median and two lateral. The tomium bears slight traces of denticulations similar to 



