483 
chin. General hue, bright ferruginous, richest on throat, neck, 
middle of breast and abdomen, and paling, (becoming in places 
almost white), on sides, flanks, vent and lower tail coverts. A. few 
feathers of the throat and lower chin, dark brown. A conspi- 
cuous, but somewhat imperfect, pectoral gorget, formed by many 
of the feathers being broadly tipped with dark brown. Larger 
axillaries dark brown, white-shafted, with a broad central 
white stripe, which, in the smaller axillaries, leaves only a 
very narrow brown margin. ‘Tail, beneath, deep brown, quills 
greyish brown, under wing-coverts conspicuously white shafted 
and with a narrow stripe on each side of the shaft also white ; 
which stripe expands at the tip into a sort of spot or drop; a 
small patch of rufous on the carpal joint. 
The young birds are all hatched, by the 1st of April, many 
by the beginning of March or even earlier, and towards the 
close of August or during September, they assume their first 
fresh plumage. I have seen no description of the freshly 
moulted young bird, although the plumage is very charac- 
teristic, and widely different from that, of any other stage of 
plumage. The legs, feet, claws and bill, are much as in the 
adult, but the irides are a pale yellowish brown. ‘The whole 
head and neck a// round, is deep blackish brown; on the nape 
and cheeks positively black, but in the lores, cheeks, forehead, 
and sides of lower mandible, some tiny whitish feathers are inter- 
mingled, and some of the feathers have white bases which, 
showing through, give a mottled appearance to those parts. 
A few of the feathers, distributed over a triangular crop patch, 
are yellowish brown, tipped pale buffy yellow. The whole of 
the upper back presents a mottled appearance: some of the 
feathers being deep purplish brown, white shafted, some being a 
rather pale clove brown, also white shafted, some being white, 
and some buffy white, and some a mixture of these colours. The 
lower back and upper tail coverts, a nearly uniform moderately 
dark clove brown. The scapulars, quills, winglet, and greater 
coverts, deep chocolate brown, with a purplish gloss, all white 
shafted, the quills and tail conspicuously so. The outer webs of 
many of the quills towards the base, brushed with buffy white, and 
similarly, both webs of the centre tail feathers, and the. outer 
webs of some of the lateral tail feathers, much streaked and 
clouded with buffy white towards the bases. Lesser and 
median coverts, a somewhat less deep brown than the rest of 
the wings, all pale shafted ; many of them with a minute fulvous 
white tipping, and three or four in each wing with broad, pure 
white tips. Beneath, the whole of the breast, sides, flanks, ab- 
domen, thigh coverts, and lower tail coverts, a pale somewhat clove 
