96 
blackish, transverse bars, feeble on the central feathers, and 
outer webs of the rest, and well marked on theinner webs. The 
lesser wing coverts are the same colour as the scapulars, but the 
darker shafts are perhaps slightly more conspicuous, and 
there is a tinge of chestnut along the upper margin of the wing. 
The greater coverts of secondaries and tertiaries are perhaps a 
slightly dingier blue, with narrow, not sharply defined, trans- 
verse, blackish brown bars. ‘The winglet, and primary greater 
coverts, are similar, but the blue is dingier, the brown though 
paler, of greater extent, covering in some, nearly the whole 
inner webs. The first five primaries are brown; with numerous 
parallel, whitish, long oval, transverse spots, or incomplete 
bars, from the base, to near the tip. ‘The secondaries are 
blue on the outer, white or nearly so on the inner webs, 
with numerous transverse brown bars; narrow on the outer 
but wider on the inner webs. The last five primaries 
are intermediate in character, between the first five, and 
the secondaries. The 2nd and 3rd primaries are emarginate, 
the former noteably so on the outer web; and the Ist and 2nd 
are conspicuously notched on the inner webs, near the points. 
The chin and upper part of the throat, are pure white. From 
the gape, there is a chestnut cheek stripe, or moustache, about 
3th of an inch long. Between this and the chestnut of the 
sides of the back of the head, and back of the neck, there is a 
broad white band coming down from the eye. The lower part 
of the throat, and the uppermost portion of the breast is white, 
the feathers having each a single linear, central, subterminal, 
browner spot, or speck it should perhaps be called. 
The whole of the rest of the lower parts, including axillaries, 
wing lining, thigh, and lower tail coverts, a bluish white, with 
numerous close narrowish, greyish, brown bars ; most conspicu- 
ous on sides, axillaries, larger lower wing coverts and thigh 
coverts, and feeble and more or less obsolete, on abdomen, vent, 
and lower tail coverts. ‘The bars of the body feathers, specially 
on the middle of breast and abdomen, have a point developed 
downwards at the shaft, having a tendency in fact to become 
arrowhead bars as they are often called. 
No. 17. Tinnunculus Alaudarius, Briss. 
Tue KesrreL orn WINDHOVER. 
The Kestrel with us breeds in April, May and June; as far 
as I am yet aware, it breeds in India, only in the Himalayahs 
