169 
of the others, inner edge of mid claw a little dilated. Ivides, a 
rather light brown. Eye shelf and edges of lids plumbeous, 
lower lid nearly white, with a few tiny tufts of down. Bill, 
bluish grey at base of both mandibles, and horny black at tips, 
cere and gape pale wax yellow. 
Plumage. The skin of the lores pale bluish, pretty thickly 
set with tiny pale brown feathers, the dark naked prolonged 
shafts of which at front curl upwards and outwards towards the 
nostrils and forehead like soft bristles. Forehead, top, and back 
of the head, a rather light umber brown, the feathers specially of 
the hind head, very narrow, sharp pointed, and paling towards 
the tip. From the gape, under the eye and over the ear coverts, 
a patch of brown lighter than the top of the head. Below this 
from the side of the lower mandible a slightly darker band, than 
either the above mentioned ear patch, or the throat, which latter 
with the chin, is about the same colour as the ear patch, but 
looks lighter, as the feathers are rather sparsely set, and allow 
the white bases to show through a good deal. The neck all 
round, upper back, scapulars, and lesser wing coverts an uniform 
rich umber brown, a shade darker than the top of the head; a 
few of the longer scapulars have a central fulvous white spot 
on the tips, two or three of the median scapulars on one side have 
a trace of the same kind of spot. Lower back and rump the 
same rich umber brown, but each feather with a conspicuous 
somewhat pear-shaped, brownish or fulvous white spot at the 
tip. The upper tail coverts slightly-fulvous white. The tail 
feathers nearly uniform blackish brown, the shafts of the basal 
one-third white, or whitish. Near the tips, the colour fades to a 
sort of sandy brown, and there is a trace of a pale tipping. The 
median and greater coverts much the same colour as the lesser 
coverts, but all the greater coverts, except the first three or four 
(which with the winglet are a rather darker brown still) con- 
spicuously tipped with fulvous white, and all the longest, and 
a few of the other median coverts with central, fulvous white 
spots at the tips. The secondary greater coverts are conspi- 
cuously mucronate, and abraded at the tips. The second to the 
sixth primaries are emarginate on the outer webs, the emargi- 
nations being high up, in the second hidden by the coverts. 
The first to the fifth are strongly notched on the inner webs, 
the notches being almost equally high up. The first six 
primaries are blackish brown below the emarginations and 
notches ; above they are umber brown on the outer web, and 
greyish, mottled with brown, on the inner web. The rest of 
the primaries and secondaries are tipped inconspicuously with 
brownish white, have the outer webs umber brown, and the 
