300 
white, measuring 1°62 by 1:63. In the plains of India, this 
bird certainly does not breed. We first see them in Upper In- 
umber brown, usually darkest towards the nape, the feathers narrowly edged 
with rufous, and centred darker. A dark streak from the posterior corner of 
the eye, meeting the top of this band. Forehead, and a line from the forehead 
over the eye, and the last mentioned dark streak, nearly unstriated rufous 
brown. ‘The rest of the forehead, and top and back of the head, and nape, 
where the ruff joins in, and back and sides of the neck, rufous, the feathers 
all more or less, broadly centred with umber brown. The centres being larger, 
proportionably, at the base of the neck. Upper back and smaller scapulars 
umber brown, most of the feathers, usually slightly tipped with rufous. The 
longest scapulars, somewhat lighter coloured, with scarcely a trace of the 
rufous tipping ; middle back often of a somewhat lighter brown than the upper 
back, and the feathers, with conspicuous rufous tips or margins. Rump 
feathers slightly darker, and with somewhat less conspicuous rufous tips. 
Upper tail coverts pure white, with only a spot or incomplete bar, of dark or 
pale brown, or rufous, towards the tips. Centre tail feathers dark umber 
brown, inconspicuously tipped with grey, scarcely perceptible in some and with 
four or five, transverse, grey bars, the broadest bars towards the tip, The 
next feather darker brown, conspicuously tipped with white or rufous white, 
and with one broad, and two or three narrow, pale rufous, and greyish trans- 
verse bars, the rufous being chiefly next the shaft. The next feather much the 
same, but the white or rufous (some are whiter some more rufous) of the bar, 
and tipping, purer, aad a considerable patch at the base, on the outer web, 
mingled white and rufous, with only a tinge of brown. The second, exterior 
feather, nearly pure white, or a pale rufous, as the case may be, with subtermi- 
nal, central, and basal bands of brown, which are more or less rufous in the 
two latter, on the outer web. The exterior feather has almost the whole outer 
web rufous white, and the interior more or less rufous white, with traces of a 
subterminal and two other bands, of mingled, darkish rufous, and brown. 
The whole of the lesser wing coverts umber brown, broadly margined with 
rufous, or rufous white. The median coverts the same colour, in some conspi- 
cuously, in some faintly tipped with the same rufous white tint. The great- 
er coverts of the secondaries, and the tertials themselves, still the same umber 
brown, but only very narrowly (in some not at all) tipped with rufous white. 
The winglet, primaries and their greater coverts, and secondaries, slightly dar- 
ker brown, all but the first four primaries, and most of the secondaries, with a 
very narrow, whitish tipping and the outer webs of the first primary, and the 
next three, which are conspicuously marginate, below the margination more or 
less silvered with grey. The inner webs of all the primaries above the tips, 
more or less white or rufous white, with conspicuous, broad, dark brown bars. 
In some specimens the brown bars are so broad that the ground of the web ap- 
pears brown, and the rufous interspaces appear like pale bars. There are traces 
of similar markings on the secondaries, most conspicuous in those nearest the 
primaries, and less so in those adjoining the tertials. Chin white or rufous 
white. The ruff in front, and on either side towards the nape, white or ru- 
fous white, the feathers centred darkish brown. The whole of the front of 
the throat, breast and abdomen white or fulvous or pale rufous white, the fea- 
thers all broadly, or conspicuously centred with brown and rufous. The féa- 
thers of the vent, lower tail coverts, and external thigh coverts, pure white or 
pale rufous brown, shafted, and with two or more irregular spots of pale rufous 
along the shafts. The axillaries mostly light rufous brown, with indistinct 
