204 



DRIFT DEPOSITS OF MANCHESTER 



THE DRIFT IN AND ABOUT MANCHESTER MAY BE CONVENI- 

 ENTLY DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING DEPOSITS, IN THE 

 DESCENDING ORDER. 



THICK- 

 NESS. 



to 12 



Yds. 



to25 



Yds. 



CHARACTERS OF DEPOSIT. 



No. 1 A bed of coarse gravel, 



composed of various sized Azoic, 

 Palaeozoic, and Triassic rocks, well 

 rounded, parted with layers of fine 

 sand, and sometimes beds of sand, 

 without pebbles ; exhibiting every 

 appearance of having been deposited 

 by water ; most frequently stratified, 

 but sometimes unstratified. On the 

 top of this is generally found about 

 three or four feet of silty loam. 



No. 2. — A deposit of sharp forest sand, 

 parted with layers of gravel of same 

 rocks as No. 1, and having every ap- 

 pearance of a regular deposit by wa- 

 ter, distinguishable only from No. 1 

 by its being found at greater eleva- 

 tions, containing more sand, and 

 being, generally, more regularly stra- 

 tified. It sometimes contains thin 

 beds of Till lying in it. 



No. 3 " Till : " a mass of strong^ 



brown clay, in which are mingled the 

 same kinds of rocks as those in Nos. 



1 and 2 ; of sizes from six tons in 

 weight, to small pebbles ; some 

 rounded and partly rounded, and 

 others quite angular — especially coal 

 measure, and raagnesian limestone 

 rocks, without any order of deposi- r Yds. 

 tion — great and small stones being 

 mixed together indiscriminately ; — 

 quite impervious to water, and well 

 known as valuable brick-clay, and 

 from its being the deposit which yields 

 striated or scored stones. Several 

 beds of fine laminated silt and patches 

 of sand are found in it. 



No. 4 A bed of sand, or coarse gra-1 



vel, having the pebbles (consisting of I 

 the same kinds of rocks as Nos. 1, 



2 and 3) well roundei'^ sometimes, | 

 but not always, occurring under the 



LOCALITIES. 



In the valley of 

 thelrwell. Lower 

 Broughton, atid, 

 generally, more or 

 less, in the beds, 

 and on the sides 

 of the three great 

 valleys near Man- 

 chester, 



0to30 



Irlams-o 'th ' - 

 Height, Pendle- 

 ton, Kersal-moor, 

 Higher Broughton 

 Prestwich,Cheet- 

 hara-hill, Harpur- 

 hey, Crumpsall. 



f The brick - clay 

 of Manchester, 

 Salford, Strange- 

 ways, Cheetham, 

 Beswick, Brad- 

 ford, Ardwick, 

 Openshaw, and 

 Longsight. 



to n 



Yds. 

 but 



f In the valley of 



the Irwell at Pen- 



I dleton Colliery, 



I Cheetham-street, 



George's - Road 



brick-clay, often stratified, and at h seldom S Beswick, Victoria 



other times unstratified. It affords 

 good springs of bright water. 



above 



Yds. 



Park, and under 

 the Till in the 

 higher part of 

 King - street and 

 I Spring Gardens. 



