206 DRIFT DEPOSITS OF MANCHESTER 



street ; and then along the slightly-rising ground 

 through part of Brazennose-street, across Deans- 

 gate, to the east end of St. John's church; and 

 then through Camp-field, in a curve, to the bottom 

 of Deansgate, and the tract of land lying between 

 these parts and the Irk, Irwell, and Medlock, 

 down to Castle-field, it is upper new red sandstone 

 on the river banks, and a deposit of gravel 

 (No. 1) in the higher portion ; both forming good 

 dry subsoils. With the above exceptions, the 

 surface of the township of Manchester consists of 

 Till, and must be considered as placed on a stiff 

 clay, and its drainage efi'ected entirely from the 

 undulatory character of the ground, and not from 

 the porous nature of the soil. At St. George's 

 Colliery, which is the highest part of the township 

 the following section was found : — 



Yds. Ft. In. 



Till (No. 3) 15 



Sand, Gravel, and Loam (No. 4)... 3 16 



18 1 6 



Generally speaking (as before stated) the thick- 

 ness of the Till in Manchester and its vicinity is 

 pretty clearly ascertained by the height of that 

 deposit above the level of the river Irwell ; and 

 it is very often found under No. 1, in the low 



