AND NEIGHBOURHOOD. 221 



On every side of the towns of Manchester and 

 Salford, we find "the Till," which can be pretty 

 well traced by the numerous brick yards upon it, 

 on the gently rising grounds adjoining the valleys, 

 and in most parts where the ground rises to a 

 considerable elevation, this deposit is capped by 

 beds of sand and gravel. Thus the brick clay of 

 Windsor Bridge is capped by the sands of Pen- 

 dleton ; those of Stony Knolls, Cheetham, and 

 Collyhurst, by the sands of Higher Broughton, 

 Cheetham Hill, and Harpurhey. The Manchester 

 and Leeds Railway, after passing through the 

 Till of Moston, and reaching the higher land 

 south of the Middleton Station, cuts through 

 sand. The Sheffield and Ashton line, after 

 cutting through the Till of Gorton, reaches the 

 sand of Fairfield ; the Birmingham line, after 

 reaching a certain elevation at Levenshulme, 

 between Manchester and Stockport, cuts through 

 a similar deposit. A portion of Till is also fre- 

 quently found in the valleys lying under the 

 sand and gravel No. 1, as proved in the section 

 of Mr. Fitzgerald's pit, before alluded to, which 

 shows that portions of it have been removed 

 by currents of water during the formation of 

 the valleys. 



