of the Cotton Trade. 129 
of. view. And, I believe, the effects ’ of the 
steam-engine have been nearly the same in the 
iron, woollen, and flax trades. 
Before the year 1790, the mules were turn- 
ed by hand, and were confined chiefly to the 
garrets of cottages.—A bout that time Mr. Kel- 
ley of Lanark first turned them by machinery. 
The application of the steam engine to this 
purpose, produced another great change in 
this branch of the trade.-—The mules were 
removed from the cottages to factories, were 
constructed more substantially and upon bet- 
ter mechanical principles, and produced yarn 
of a more uniform quality and at less ex- 
pence. 
The fine fabrics, made of the yarn spun 
upon mules, surpassed in beauty and cheapness 
every thing that had been produced before, 
and the demand for them was consequently 
great. Larger establishments were erected, 
and order, system, and cleanliness in their ar- 
rangement and management, became more 
necessary and more generally cultivated. 
This has been attended with good effects on 
the habits of the people.—Being obliged to 
be more regular in their attendance at their 
work, they became more orderly in their con- 
duct, spent less time at the ale-house, and 
lived better at home. For some years they 
VOL, II. R 
