50 On the Importance of 
and hunting forests, a large quantity of tlie 
surface of the earth must be appropriated to 
their enjoyment, without the intermediate step 
of population. If on the other hand they hold 
such pleasures in contempt, and only study the 
most effectual measures for increasing the 
number of their servants and dependents, or 
if they consume such articles of commerce as 
require much human labour for their manu- 
facture, and little or no land for the production 
of the raw materials, their wants will operate 
as a certain cause of the most productive 
agriculture.* ‘This process has no direct de- 
pendence on the state of improvement of other 
arts. When the state of manufactures is low, 
the wealth of a country is proportionally in- 
significant ; but if the manufactured commo- 
dities are in demand among landed proprietors 
or their dependents, every cause that promotes 
the cultivation of the ground, and the popula- 
tion of the country, exists in full activity. 
When manufactures are highly improved, and 
internal commerce regular and brisk, society 
becomes wealthier, but the rate of population 
» * If we could suppose the views of landed proprietors te 
be perfectly harmonious, formed on principles of inde- 
pendence, and directed by sagacity, they would effectually 
regulate both the degree and the kind of population that 
would exist in every country. 
