164 On the Measure of 
consideration circumstances which render that 
application inconsistent, as Dr. Milner ac- 
knowledges, with the facts. When a stream 
of water strikes a plane opposed to it, a small 
number only of the particles of the water touch 
the plane, and unless we suppose these parti- 
cles to be pressed forward by the water which 
is behind them, the actual pressure exerted 
against the plane cannot be accounted for, 
But that action of the water is not considered 
in the prevailing theory; and it is omitted 
even in the corrected theory which has been 
proposed by M. de Borda and Mr. Waring ;— 
| they appear not to have considered, that when 
the number of planes acted upon are increased, 
the quantity of water acting upon each plane 
is deereased in the same proportion ; neither 
are the number of planes acted on in a given 
time “inversely as the relative velocity,” as 
stated by Mr, Waring. at 
The Edinburgh reviewers, object to Mr. 
Smeaton’s opinions, upon more general 
grounds, at pages 126—7—8, and continu- 
ing to reason as if he had understood the 
consideration of the time to be necessarily 
excluded in all estimations of force, they traly 
and eloquently observe, that “in most in- 
stances, time is a very material element in the 
estimation of an effect, or an event of any 
