FOREST NURSERIES AND GARDENS SOME SUGGESTIONS. 59 



Some others might be added later, such as Robinia, willow 

 (sp.), Cembran pine, Mountain pine, Abies grandis, A. nobilis, 

 Siberian larch, and Lawson's cypress. After successive intervals 

 of say eight or ten years, these crops might be repeated on 

 half-acre plots, so as to illustrate the development of the various 

 species at intervals up to the age of 30, 40, or even 50 years, 

 as might hereafter be desired in the case of each. After 

 reserving space for this purpose, and a small plot of say 3 or 4 

 acres as an arboretum to exhibit specimen trees of full age, the 

 remainder of the ground would be available for experimental 

 work, as, for example, for mixtures illustrating various com- 

 binations of species, arranged in differing proportions and in 

 various ways ; and also in connection with the other matters 

 enumerated below. Ground not required immediately for the 

 above purposes might in the meantime be devoted to agriculture ; 

 but if unsuited to that use, part of it might be stocked with a 

 quick-growing species of tree, which would yield some revenue 

 when the ground it occupies is otherwise required. On the 

 plots thus established the following, among other matters, will 

 be specially studied : — The botanical characteristics of the 

 several species • their appearance at different seasons of the 

 year ; their characteristic development in height and shape ; 

 the pruning of hardwoods ; treatment of attack by insects, 

 fungi, or adverse atmospheric influences ; direct sowing ; method 

 and density of planting, and size of seedlings or transplants 

 to be employed ; uses of various manures ; measurement of 

 individual trees and of growing stock, with yield under various 

 conditions. 



It will probably be possible to underplant some of the light- 

 crowned species, such as larch, before they have reached the 

 age limit of the garden. If the ground selected carries growing 

 woods, these can be made use of temporarily for instruction in 

 the measurement of trees and crops, until the space they 

 occupy is required for other purposes, when they will, in most 

 cases, be removed. It need hardly be said that if a nursery be 

 provided separately, it need not be duplicated within the garden 

 area. 



