84 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



to enclose the Society's exhibit, also a wicket-gate to 

 match. 



Mr James Kay, Forester, Bute, exhibits his universal straining 

 pillar for use in wood fences. 



Colonel F. Bailey, Edinburgh University, sends five sections 

 of pine telegraph posts, prepared as samples by the General 

 Post Office. From Benmore we have a neat wicket-gate and 

 posts made from Thuya gigantea. 



Messrs Major & Co., Ltd., Hull, exhibit two nice showcases, 

 showing the value of solignum as a preservative, and also its 

 protective qualities against the ravages of white ants. 



Mr Geo. Leven, St Quivox, Ayr, sends thirty-three hand 

 specimens of fencing posts, cut from various woods, and treated 

 with creosote, showing the difference in the extent of absorption. 



We have also an interesting special fencing exhibit from 

 Loganbum, viz., several specimen lengths of neat fencing, 2 

 yards each, of different designs, made from branches of 

 Albert spruce, showing method of utilising otherwise waste 

 material. The fencing is accompanied by specimen plants of 

 Albert spruce, also seedlings, branches, cones and seeds, of 

 the same tree. 



An interesting set of specimens from Alnwick Castle illustrates 

 the art of pruning, some of the examples showing the injury 

 caused to timber through pruning being neglected or badly done, 

 others showing how the work ought to be done, and the beneficial 

 effects of good pruning, showing the gradual healing over of 

 the wounds when properly treated. 



In the section of "Abnormal Growths" we have, from Scone, 

 a peculiar swelling on the trunk of small oak, and a growth 

 on an elm branch. Glamis sends an enormous formation 

 on the trunk of a young oak. From Raith we have very 

 large specimens of witches' broom on ash, larch, and Scots pine ; 

 and a peculiar one-sided growth of oak from Lochiel. Lord 

 Leith of Fyvie sends specimens of Scots pine trunks distorted 

 by the weight of snow. Mr Kay sends a very distinct growth 

 on an ash branch 30 years old ; the branch gives a circumference 

 of 1 1 inches only, while the swelling girths 3 ft. 7 ins. 



The next class is a most interesting one, and deals with the 

 damage done to trees, etc., by insects, animals, birds, fungi, or 

 6ther causes. 



Dr Stewart MacDougall presents a magnificent display illus- 



