96 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



A movable saw-mill with a plough traction engine is used. 

 The timber is drawn to the saw-mill by means of a steel rope of 

 450 yards length, and winding drum. Snatch-blocks are fixed 

 at various points so that the timber may be drawn at any angle, 

 and when the limits of the rope are reached the saw-mill is 

 removed to another part of the wood. 



No. 6a. This plot shows the condition of the soil after the 

 removal of the crop. To attempt replanting in this condition 

 would involve considerable expense, and a large proportion of 

 the young trees would die off. The fresh condition of the bark 

 on the tree-stool is an example of suitable breeding-places for 

 the larvae of the pine weevil {Hylobius abietis). 



No. tb. This plot shows the condition of the soil after 

 pasturing three years with cattle and sheep. It will, therefore, 

 be obvious that the ground can be more cheaply and success- 

 fully replanted. The bark on the tree-stools has been dislodged, 

 and the conditions favourable to the reproduction of the pine 

 weevil diminished in amount. 



It should also be noted that, as a result of pasturing, the 

 " spongy " layer underlying the rough turf disappears. This 

 is a great improvement to the soil, inasmuch as the spongy layer 

 is acid in reaction, and contains nitrogenous matter derived 

 from the decayed plant residues of which it is composed. In 

 the rough state the nitrogenous matter, however, is not directly 

 available as a plant-food, but must be converted into a soluble 

 and available form by the action of the nitrifying organisms 

 always present in the soil. 



It should be noted that this treatment only applies to pure 

 Scots pine woods. 



