268 ANCIENT AND MODERN LANGUAGES. 
The G of the south often becomes hard in the 
north: gelidus, kalt, cold; égal, equal. The 
French G, which is itself a transformation from 
the latin B and V, is often changed into a W. 
Guerre, war, from the latin Bellum. 
Guépe, wasp, ne Vespa. 
GAter, to waste, __,, Vasto. 
Garder, to ward. 
Guichet, wicket. 
Gage, wage. 
Guéter, to watch. 
Garantir, to warrant. 
Gauffre, wafer. 
Guise, wise. G. Weise. 
The Qu of the latin are sometimes transformed 
into W. 
LATIN. GERMAN. ENGLISH. 
Qui, quod Wer, was who, what 
Quando Wann when 
Qualis Welcher which 
Words may even havea double origin, southern 
and northern; the Italian “ guiderdone,” reward, 
is formed of the Teutonic “ wieder,” and the 
latin “ donum ;” the French adjective “ mauvais,” 
bad, from the latin ‘‘ malus,” and the German 
“ Wesen.” 
