400 HISTORY OF CERTAIN 
fare Fieldgoer,” the name of a bird which mi- 
grates to our fields in winter, and one well chosen 
to indicate its vagrant habits; as it visits one 
field after another during its stay with us—with- 
out confining itself to any peculiar locality. 
‘“‘ Thoroughfare,” a passage or road through, with- 
out impediments or interruptions—rare in former 
days—but now so common that “thoroughfares” 
are almost the only “fares” in the kingdom, ex- 
cept the “fares” paid for passing over them. 
No substantive form, or abstract term from this 
root remains in the language, with its literal 
meaning. By Metonymy, however, which is one 
of the commonest figures of speech, and which 
puts cause for effect and effect for cause, or 
otherwise substitutes one part or name for another 
part or name—we still have in use “fare” as we 
have just stated, for the fee given for conveying 
us on a journey, as “‘ what’s the fare” —what is the 
payment due for the passage. We use “fare” 
also for treatment—diet, or living &c., as good 
“fare” and bad “fare,” good living and bad 
living—good treatment and bad treatment. 
But, though “fare” or “far” to express a jour- 
ney, is become wholly obsolete, we have still in 
