OF SOUTH LANCASHIRE. 431 
tion of the dark ferruginous shale was 14° or 
15° N.E. by E., and below the fault the in- 
clination of the carboniferous sandstone was 5° 
South. Sandstone strata succeeded to the dark 
ferruginous shales, above the fault, with a similar 
inclination of 15° to 20° N.E. by E., and in 
these sandstones, the second fault occurred, in 
which the strata of sandstone were projected 
vertically upwards, and were accompanied by 
ferruginous septaria. In the line of the fault, 
ferruginous clay was found, filling up an interval 
of six feet in width, occasioned by the fault. The 
dip of the carboniferous sandstone strata above 
the second fault, was from 5° to 10° East. 
On the opposite side of the river, the effects 
of the same faults were visible, from the vertical 
position of the sandstone strata, in the lines of 
the faults, contrasting with the uniformly gentle 
inclination of the carboniferous sandstones in that 
vicinity. 
Similar phenomena accompanied the appearance 
of the same parallel faults on the river Roch, 
between Bury and Heywood. The general incli- 
nation of the carboniferous strata, on each side of 
the faults, was there very gentle, and did not 
exceed 10° to the South-East, while in the lines 
