52 



of these also occur on the Swedish side of the Scaiidinavian inoun- 

 tain-range, but they have migrated into this part from llieir districl 

 along the Norwegian coasl. On p. 15 the northern plants of the birch- 

 nieadoAvs are mentioned. All the plants of the birch-meadows do 

 not originate from the natural vegetation of the spruce-groves and 

 of the grove-delis, several having been introduced by man. 



The damp birch-meadoAvs of the silurian district of Siljan show 

 a striking likeness to the Sesleria-meadows, described by Hkssel- 

 MAN. Primiila farinosa is very characteristic of both societies. 



One plant of the birch-meado^vs of Dalarne is Lonicera coeriilea, 

 which is very rare in Fennoscandia. It occurs in a few places in 

 Dalarne and Västmanland (Central Sweden) and in the most easterly 

 parts of Finland, \vhere it is rather common and also has been 

 found in the polar birch-region near Ponoj (in the Kola-peninsula). 

 According to Norrlin it occurs in different associations in Onega- 

 Karelen. It is a plant nearly circumpolar belonging to the pine- 

 forest-region of the northern hemisphere. Therefore it is probably 

 not a relict from a period of a climate different from the present. 

 The author thinks, that it has been transported to Sweden by birds 

 from far-away regions. 



A very great number of southern species occur on rubble-heaps 

 below steep rocks and on rocky escarpments of southern, some- 

 times eastern and western aspect. Such associations are cha- 

 racterized by an open vegetation. Lists of plants, which have been 

 found in such places, are given on pp. 19 and 20 (on archa'an 

 limestone and gneiss at the village of Nyberget in St. Skedvi in south- 

 ern Dalarne), pp. 20 and 21 (the Hykjeberget in Älfdalen, already 

 investigated by Linnk) and ]). 21 (silurian limestone at the Osmunds- 

 berget in Boda). In all these places southern species are very abun- 

 dant, sometimes northern species also occur. The Hykjeberget is of 

 the greatest interest. .4^7- platanouies^ Ancnume hcpatica, Arenarui 

 trineri)ia, Asplenium sepleiilrioiiale and IricIwDutncs, Aslragdlus glijci/- 

 phijlliis, Epilohiuni collitimn, Geranhim rohcrtianum, liihes alpiniini. 

 Tilia ulmifolia and Vcrhdsciim tha])siis are never foiuid in any more 

 northerly or higher place in this part of Sweden. 



On pp. 2',V — 25 the alpine and subalpine jjlauts ol" Uie pine-forest- 

 region of Dalarne are enumereted. Some newly discovered habi- 

 tats ol such planls are particularly mentioned. Several of these 

 alpine and subalpine plants are rather common in the higher j)arts 

 of the pine-forest-region. A great number occur along streams and 



