lO 



BF.RNT LYNCK 



M.-N. Kl. 



Ik'sidcs Stcrrocdiilon ( Clrarid i/ii'ti/is grows faster than ( ludDiiiti 

 a/pc's/ris, i)(rhaps also 67, sihatica (sensu lat.). At least the regeneration 

 of the latter species must be easier, fr)r after great forest fires it reappears 

 more quickly. I have seen gaps made h\' r)l(| forest fire where the range 

 of tiic fnc iduld he traced by the lichen vegetatir)n, (I. silvdticti being more 

 tloniinant witliin the range, CI. alpcstris at the surroundings. (Barketolls-brenna 

 in Rendalen, and fire gap south of Fæmunden). Fire is extremely destruc- 

 tive to lichen vegetation. 

 In a dense vegetation 

 each specimen is exposed 

 to an equal pressure from 

 all sides. After harvesting 

 the pressure will become 

 one-sided at the border 

 zone, and the erect lichens 

 will there be turned over. 

 The tops of each specimen 

 then bend upwards geo- 

 tropically and lateral bran- 

 ches start growing upwards. 

 If the harvested place is 

 small and narrow (hand 

 collecting!, one generation 

 of growth ma}' be sufficient 

 to fill it up again, and 

 the regeneration relatively 

 quick (lo — 15 — 20 years?), 

 if circumstances are favour- 

 able. If the harvested place 

 is larger (rake collecting) 

 several generations may be 

 necessary to recover it. The 

 latter method makes the ground useless for a considerable time, and can 

 even make it unfit for lichen vegetation. 



Cladoiiia alpcstris is largely used as food for domestic animals by 

 farmers in places where grass is scarce and lichens plentiful, e. g. in 

 Nordre Østerdalen and in Finmarken. — In Finmarken the collecting is 

 carried out by Lapponian women. They collect the moist 'moss' with 

 their hands and put it together in small heaps (40 — 50 cm. large) with a 

 twig of Bet Ilia odorata or something else in the middle for a handle. (Fig. 3.) 

 Many small heaps are brought together to form large bundles so large as 

 a horse or a reindeer can pull on a sledge. (Fig. 4.) During the winter 

 the bundles are taken home. 



Fig. 2. Same object as fie:, i, nearer. 



Author phot. 9. 8. 1920. 



