36 PAPERS, ETC. 



ones are often less strictly a mere contlnuation ofthe latter, 

 the large bowtell being often cut up into several smaller 

 membei'3. They still however adhere to the main rule, 

 that the principal hollows of the pier be continued unin- 

 terruptedly in the arch, and that the principal projections 

 be represented, but with the interposltion of a capital. 



The proportions of the piers and arches are very various; 

 but they depend less upon the presence or absence of the 

 clerestory than might have been expected. This is because 

 the height of the clerestory is, as we shall presently see, 

 more commonly taken out of the roof thau out of the 

 arcades. The general tendency however is to a rather 

 tall pier, and most commonly to a rather narrow arch, 

 as at Wrington, Yatton, and St. Stephen's. At Yeovil, 

 of course, the absence of the clerestory, or more truly 

 the height of the aisles, introduces a still more lofty 

 pier. Sometimes, however, the arches are very broad ; 

 thus at Crewkenie, though tlie pillars are extremely lofty, 

 the arches are so wide, that a length of nave which would 

 commonly have been divided into five bays, here contains 

 only three. The four-centred arch is common enough in 

 subordinate positions, as in the side arches of chancels, 

 but it is not usual in the main arcades. Bath Abbey, as we 

 all know, is, for a special reason,* an exception. Four- 

 centred arches also occiu- in the naves of Taunton and 

 Bruton, but though of a variety of that shape perhaps 

 more ungraceful in itself, they seem better suited to enter 

 into the general composition. 



CLERESTORIES AND ROOFS. 



I Said just now that the height of the clerestory was 

 generally taken out of the roof, not out of the arcades. 

 I mean that, when the clerestory is absent, the nave has 



* See History of Afchitefture, p. 351. 



