28 PAPERS, ETC. 



celt moulds (p. 385-388), since these moulds prove, that 

 the celts of all kinds, whether chisels, wedges, or palstaves, 

 cast in them, must have been used in large quantities, and 

 for many difFerent purposes. 



Two of these bronze celt -moulds were found in 1800, at 

 Danesfield, near Bangor, consequently in the very heart of 

 the mining district, in which copper was obtained. Dr. 

 Wm. Cleaver, then bishop of the see, presented thern to his 

 friend and patron, the Marquis of ßuckingham, so that 

 they were aniong the objects dispersed at the sale at Stow, 

 in 1848. On this occasion the wrong halves of the two 

 moulds were placed together, in consequence of which one 

 half of each set is now in the British Museum, and the 

 other belongs to Lord Braybrooke. * The wood-cut 

 (Plate I, fig. 4) exhibits the outside and inside of one half 

 of a mould, reduced to half the real length. 



The following passage in Carew's Sarvey of Cornwall 

 (B. I, p. 8), relates to the ancient tin mines of that 

 country, and affords an additional proof of the use of 

 bronze celts in ancient mines : " Tliere are taken up in 

 such works certain little tool's heads of brass, which some 

 term Thunder-axes, but they make small show of any 

 profitable use." 



It is well known that the bronze chisels, of which I am 

 speaking, as well as the stone implements of the same 

 class, were called thunder-stones, or thunder-axes, until the 

 old Latin term Celles was properly applied to them by 

 German antiquaries. The more common Latin term for 

 this Instrument in ancient times was dolabra. Mr. John 

 Taylor, jun., of London, who is extensively concerned in 

 mining, both in South Britain, and on the Continent, in- 



* Mr. Albert Way on Bronze Celts found in Wales, Archaologia Cam- 

 Irensis, third series, 1856. 



