304 ANTELOPES 



Senegal river. In former days, judging from the Roman mosaics and 

 frescoes found in North Africa, the addax was a common animal in 

 what would be now called central and southern Tunisia. In North 

 Africa the Arabs pursue the addax on horseback with fleet dogs — usually 

 of the slughi or stout [long-haired, sandy] greyhound breed. Owing to 

 its preference for inaccessible desert tracts, this animal is very rarely shot 

 by Europeans." 



THE ELAND 



( Taiirotragiis oryx) 



Eland, Cape Dutch ; Tganna, Hottentot ; Pofo, Bechuana ; 

 Impofo, Amandebili and Zulu ; Mofo, Meshune ; Ee-pofo, 

 Makalaka ; Insefo, Masubia and Batonga ; Doo, Masarwa 

 Bushmen ; Sefu or Nchefu, Nyasa ; Mpofu, Swahili ; Siruzva, 

 Masai ; Singoita, Wanderobbo ; Gunga AND Oncvenia, 

 Angolese. 



(Plate xii, figs, i and 3) 



The last subfamily group of ruminants to which the name of 

 antelopes can properly be applied is that of the Tragelaphince, typified 

 by the bushbucks, but likewise including eland, kudu, bongo, and the 

 Indian nilgai. So far as its African representatives are concerned, the 

 subfamily may be characterised as follows. The species are of large 

 or medium size. With the exception of eland and bongo, the horns 

 are confined to the males, and are spirally twisted, keeled in front and 

 behind, and devoid of ridges. The muzzle is naked, small glands are 

 present on the face, and the tail is long or medium. In most cases 

 white stripes, sometimes with spots, are present on the body, and there 

 is often a white chevron on the forehead. The upper cheek-teeth are 

 remarkable for the shortness and breadth of their crowns. 



From the other members of the subfamily, except the bongo, eland 

 are distinguished by the possession of horns in both sexes, those of the 

 females being longer although more slender than those of the males. 

 The horns are directed upwards in the plane of the face, and form a 

 close spiral on their own axis. Both sexes, which are alike in colour, 

 have a deep dewlap ; and old bulls develop a large tuft of bushy hair 

 on the forehead. The tail, which is tufted at the end, is comparatively 

 long, reaching to the hocks. Their tawny colour and the strongly 

 twisted horns of the bull distinguish them from bongo. In size eland 

 are the largest of all antelopes. 



