1916. No. 8. MONOGRAPH OF THE NORWEGIAN PHYSCIACEAE. 89 



Lichen piilchclliis Wulfen in Jaolin Collectanea vol. II (1788) p. 199, 

 tab. X\'I, tig. 2 (miserable). 



^ Psora cacsia Hoffmann Plantae lichenosae (1790I p. 37, tab. \'III, fig. i. 



Paniiclia caesia Acharius ^'ethodus (1803) p. 197, Lieh. Univ. (1810) 

 p. 479, Acharius Synopsis (1814) p. 216. Flora Danica (1849) tab. 2507, 

 tig. I (miserable). 



Fliyscia stellaris b. cacsia. Deichm.ann Br.anth et Rostrup Lieh. 

 Dan. ( 1 869 1 p. 65. 



Fliyscia caesia. Nylander Prodromus (1857) p. 308, Nyl.\nder Synopsis 

 (i860) p. 426, Th. Fries Lieh. Arctoi (i860) p. 64, Nylander Lieh. Scand. 

 (1861) p. 112, Müller u. Pabst: Flechten (1876) tab. \', Wai.mo Adju- 

 menta (1881) p. 137, Cro.mbie Brit. Lieh. I (1894) p. 317, Dalla Torre et 

 Sarntheim Flecht. Tirol (1902) p. 163, Olivier Lieh. Eur. I 1 1907 1 p. 243^ 

 Farmand Lieh. France (1909J p. 629, Lynge Blad- og busklaver (19101 

 p. 102. 



Exsie. Anzi Ital. sup. 121 isoredia not well developedi, Anzi Lang. 

 312 (not like our specimens), Arnold Lieh. Exsice. 1449, Claud, et Harm. 

 Lieh. Gall, praec. 74, Floerke Deutsche Lieh. 71, Fries Lieh. Suec. 323 

 (not seen), Merrill Lieh. Exsice. loi, Migula Krypt. 43, Stenhammar 

 Lieh. Suec. 212 supr. (inf. is Ph. tenella), Tuckerman Lieh. Amer. Sept. 86. 

 (Schaer. Lieh. Helv. 347 is not Ph. caesia). 



ThaJlus middle-sized, orbicular, diam. 2 — 4, rarely 5 cm. Laciniae 

 closely attached to the substratum, stellate, contiguous or with imbricate 

 ends, multifid with acute angles, pinnate or furcate, equally broad (0,5 — i 

 mm.) or cuneate and narrowly affixed. Small papillaceous or branched 

 secondary laciniae are frequent towards the centre. The laciniae are 

 convex, rugulose and minutely albomaeulate, with a chalky 

 splendour, without isidia or pruina, but instructed with globose 

 caesious soredia, (diam. i — 2 mm ), soredia more or less crowded, in 

 old thalli sometimes confluent. The soredia are found on the surface of 

 the central parts or (see var. dubia) at the end or along the margin of the 

 laciniae. Colour white or greyish-white (except the soredia), when 

 moistened the colour is almost unaltered but the white dots become more 

 conspicuous. Lower side dark with black, branched rhizinae. 



The upper cortex has an adsperse surface; at the exterior part 

 (20 — 25«) it is dark, grey, and impellucid, even in thin sections; otherwise 

 it is uneoloured. Cortical hyphae plectenehy matous, constrictedly 

 septate, more or less perpendicular to the surface (add KOH). The cortex 

 varies from o (soredia) to 40 — -ou thick. Gonidia glomerate in a very irre- 



