ANCIliNT SCUH'TURED STONKS. 129 



of the true God.* Adamnan, in bis llfe of St. Columba, 

 has preserved two instances of the erection of stone crossea 

 at lona. St. Columba, disdaining tbe luxurj of straw, 

 used to lle on a stone, and for a pillow had another stone, 

 " whlcb at present," says Adamnan, " Stands for a title as a 

 monument at bis sepulchre." Simeon of Durham has a 

 cbapter, " De Etbelwold Episcopo et cruce lapideo quam 

 fecit." Etbelwold caused bis name to be cut on tbis cross, 

 whicb was much ornaraented by the labour of tbe work- 

 man, as a memorial of bimself. Wben Lindisfarne was 

 ravaged by the Danes, tbe top of tbe cross was broken off, 

 but afterwards united togetber. Tbe cross used to be 

 carried about with the body of St. Cutbbert, being beld in 

 reverence by tbe Nortbumbrians. In the days of Simeon 

 of Durbam, whose bistory ends A.D. 1096, it stood in tbe 

 cemetery of Durham cathedral, and is probably referred to 

 by Leland, as standing at the head of a tomb in tbe cburcb 

 yard on tbe south side of the minster : — " It is a Crosse 

 seven feet long, that batb had an inscription of divers 

 rownes yn it, but tbe scripture cannot be red. Some say 

 that tbe Crosse was brougbt out of tbe boly cburcb yard 

 at Lindisferne.^^ t 



This cross was probably tbe type from whence most of 

 tbe crosses of Nortbumbria, as tbe Hackness cross, took 

 tbeir model. Having first originated out of tbe blind 

 idolatry with which stones placed uprigbt were worsbipped 

 in pagan times, these stones became under Christian train- 

 ing suitable memorials of tbe departed, and assumed at 

 length the figure of that boly symbol of our faitb ever 

 reverenced by Christians. They were suitably inscribed 



* See Pinkerton's VUcb Sanctortim Sotice, lib. i., c. 46, pp. 93, 94, 180, 181. 



t See Sculptured Stones of Scotland, printed for the Spalding Club, 1856. 



VOL. X., 1860, TAUT II. R 



