100 TROCEKDINGS OF THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW CHINESE CLAUSILI^. 

 By Dr. 0. Boettgeu and B. Schmaokee. 



Bead February 9th and March 9th, 1894. 



PLATES VIII. AND IX. 



The majority of tlie shells to be described in this and subsequent 

 papers were obtained by the Japanese collectors of Mr. Carl Bock, the 

 well-known Bornean traveller — now Consul-General, for Sweden and 

 Norway, at Shanghai — and Mr. B. Schmacker on an expedition from 

 Ichang overland to Chungking in the province of Sytshouan, and 

 thence to Kiatingfu. The intention was to push on to Mount Omi, 

 but the small party was turned back by the Chinese a few miles 

 beyond Kiatingfu and had to return to Chungking, where they took 

 boat for Ichang. The results of this expedition were not as satis- 

 factory as expected, which was without doubt due to the fact that, 

 instead of making a halt on the road now and then for the pui^pose 

 of collecting, the party was hurried on towards its final gaol — Mount 

 Omi — Avhich after all was never reached. The best results were 

 obtained after their return to Ichang, when they went to a place 

 called Changyang, 120 // south of Ichang, in the province of Hupeh. 

 Here, and at the neighbouring Kaochahien, they stopped a fortnight 

 and obtained a number of interesting species, partly new to science. 



A second expedition, sent out by Mr. Bock in the following year, 

 1891, yielded even smaller resitlts. This time the party consisted 

 of Mr. Bock's Japanese collector and the Chinese collector of the late 

 Captain Yankowsky, whom he had taken into his service. Their 

 orders were to visit Hunan and then proceed to Yiinnan by way 

 of Kucichow. Money to defray their expenses was deposited with 

 the mission-stations at the towns they were to touch eti route, by 

 which measure Mr. Bock thought he would be reasonably sure of 

 obliging the men to follow the road he had mapped out for them. 

 However — the European proposed and the Chinaman disposed — when 

 the latter returned to Shanghai, it was found that he never visited 

 Hunan, and that instead of penetrating into the wildernesses of 

 Kueichow and Yiinnan he had preferred to tread the comfortable 

 roads, from a Chinese point of view, of Sytshouan (which province, at 

 least in the parts he visited, is one of the most cultivated in China), 

 and that he had travelled over almost the same ground as the 

 preceding expedition. Apparently, however, the men this time 

 succeeded in reaching Mount Omi, though we cannot be certain of 

 the fact. Mr. Bock's Japanese collector having died shortly after 

 his return, the names of the localities had to be translated by 

 Mr. Schmacker's man, who was not of the party, and we cannot, 

 therefore, be sure of their correctness. It finally transpired that the 



