GODWIN-AUSTEN : ON TROCHONANINA, ETC. 283 



The genus Martensia was described by Semper in his " Reisen im 

 Archipel der Philippinen," 1870, p. 42; and Helix Mozamhicensis, 

 Pfr., was taken as the type, and its anatomy described and figured on 

 plate iii, fig. 55, and phite vi, fig. 15. Previously this species had 

 been placed in Trochonanina by Mousson, Journ. de Conch., vol. xvii, 

 1869, p. 3-30. The type of this genus, however, is a shell from 

 Upolu, for Mousson had before him, and was describing at the time, 

 anew species, T. SvhmeUziana,.ixom that island. He separates the 

 genus from Trochomorpha. The description is very short, and based 

 on shell characters alone, particular stress being laid upon the 

 sculpture of the upper surface as compared with the smooth and 

 polished under side. This led him to say that it belonged to a 

 numerous group, and he placed in it shells from such very distant 

 and distinct regions as Borneo and Africa, Helix Muzamhicensis being 

 among one of the species included, the others being — 



Helix conus, Phil., Java (imperforate). 



rectangula, Pfr., Marcpiesas (imperforate). 



insculpta, Pfr., Norfolk Island, placed in Thalassia by Nevill. 



Hand list, p. 52. 



argentt'a, E.eeve. 



Calabar ica, Pfr., Old Calabar, Guinea, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, 



p. 327. 



conicoides, Met. ) -n 



■r 1 ■ -t^£ \ Borneo. 

 Laouanensis, Pir. ) 



lychnia^ Singapore, Bens. 



I would suggest retaining in TrocJionanina the Pacific Island shells, 

 with T. Schmeltziana as the type, the animal of which yet requires 

 examination ; then we can better locate the remainder in other genera. 

 When shell character alone is made the basis of classification, why 

 a shell like Helix conicoides, so dissimilar, and with a solid columella, 

 is linked with forms like H. Mozambicensis, it is difficult to 

 iinderstand. 



Now with regard to H. Mozambicensis, in the Monats. der Konig. 

 Preus. Acad. Wiss. Berlin, April 1878, Von Martens, when describing 

 some East African shells, following Mousson, placed this species in 

 Trotlionaniiia, as well as the species Helix pyramidea, V. Mts. (from 

 TJkamba), and Helix Jenynsi, Pfr. (Pangani) ; but for the species 

 H. radiolata (Taita), he founded a new genus, Zingis^ and figured the 

 generative organs. These appear to me to be incomplete : had they 

 been in a better state of preservation they would probably agree well 

 with Semper's drawing of those of H. Mozambicensis. The description 

 of the extremity of the foot, with the strikingly long overhanging lobe, 

 is identical. 1 cannot believe that with so great a similarity in the 

 shell and the animal, as well as the radula and jaw, there can be 

 two distinct genera of the Zonitidse in this part of Africa, and I 

 therefore consider Zingis to be a synonym of Martensia. 



We have next to deal with Helix conicoides and H. lychnia. The 

 first is a very distinct form, and I have been able to examine a spirit 

 specimen, thanks to the labours of Mr. A. Everett, in Borneo, who 



