BULLEN : HOLOCENE MOLLUSCA FROM NORTH CORNWALL. 187 
The marine shells there are:—Purpura lapillus (Linn.), Patella 
vulgata, Linn., Cardium edule, Linn., Mytilus edulis, Linn. 
The nearest place now for the last-mentioned molluse is said (by 
Mr. Hellyar, sen., of Harlyn House) to be Padstow Harbour, about 
four miles distant. 
IV.—About half a mile to the westward occurs the kitchen-midden 
on the low sea-cliff at Constantine Bay, described by Mr. Spence Bate 
in 1864.1 Here, again, the three prevailing species occur, Patella 
vulgata, Purpura lapillus, and Mytilus edulis. 
Underlying the shell-mound there is a raised beach. This kitchen- 
midden having been previously described, I will only say that the 
description Spence Bate gives, though in the main correct, is not quite 
consonant with the facts as now observable. Mr. George Bonsor, an 
expert anthropologist, was with me in October, and we found hearths 
at several levels down to a depth of 8 feet, with burnt bones and 
burnt Mytilus shells. Mr. Harold Hellyar has also, in digging into 
the mound, found evidence of long occupation, the pottery from the 
lower levels being coarse and hand-made, that from the higher part 
being turned on the wheel. 
V. Constantive Istanp.—About fifty yards from the mainland is 
a detached mass of slate covered with sand and overgrown with grass 
yielding numerous flint-flakes on the surface. Neolithic man had 
built here a hut of unusual form, ellipsoid in shape, with a low 
entrance about 4 feet long. Inside the hut occurred a hearthstone 
with evidence of fire upon and round it. In the month of January, 
1902, I visited the hut with Mr. R. Mallett, and we found the 
following shells :— 
(a) From their condition the three following belong to the Raised 
Beach and Head, the former well and the latter poorly developed. 
Marine :— Purpura lapillus (Linn.), Patella vulgata, Linn. 
Non-Marine :—Pupa muscorum (Linn.). 
(6) From the Neolithic floor. 
Marine :—JLittorina littorea (Linn.), Patella vulgata, Linn., Cardium 
edule, Linn., Mytilus edulis, Linn. 
The last two also occurred outside the hut, where, too, were a hearth 
and bones of animals of the same species as those from within.” 
Non-Marine :—Helicella ttala (Linn.), Helix aspersa,? Mill., one 
specimen, H. nemoralis, Linn., abundant, H. hortensis, Miill. 
1 «On a Cornish Kjékkenmédding ’’: Trans. Devonshire Assoc., vol. i (1862-6), 
noeis0se 
2 For list of these, identified for me by Mr. E. T. Newton, F.R.S., etc., vide 
“* Harlyn Bay,’’ 2nd ed., p. 32. 
3 I found none on the island itself, otherwise the nearest point of the present 
occurrence of H. aspersa seems to be about a furlong inland. 
