MURDOCH: ANATOMY OF PARYPHANTA URNULA. 271 
The pedal gland forms a small tube resting on the floor of the body- 
cavity; towards its posterior end it takes a sharp turn from right to 
left, thence downward into a cavity in the foot, is shortly folded back 
to the right, and terminates in a slight enlargement; the latter is 
attached to the walls of the cavity by fine connective tissue. Several 
small nerve threads proceed into the cavity, and the most prominent 
of these is attached to the terminal enlargement of the gland. 
The retractor muscle of the buccal mass, which consists of a number 
of strong bands somewhat loosely connected by muscular tissue, is 
very large, almost, if not quite, equalling the pedal muscles in size ; 
it rests above the latter muscles, and coalesces with them immediately 
before their attachment with the columella of the shell. The tentacle 
retractors arise separately from the posterior portion of the pedal 
muscles, and bifurcate towards the anterior ends, the lesser branches 
uniting with the inferior tentacles. The right ocular retractor passes 
between the branches of the genital system. The muscles to the foot 
and body form wide belts, which consist of very numerous strands, 
and have a continuous attachment with the sides of the foot and the 
immediately adjoining body-walls. There are no free, separate bands 
progressively attached to the sides of the foot, as in Helix. 
The Genitalia of Paryphanta urnula, Pfr. 
The penis (see Figure, p.) in its anterior half is slender and slightly 
darkish in colour, thence large and sac-like, with the retractor 
muscle (r.m.) attached to the posterior end. The vas deferens (v.d.) 
separates from it a little below the apex, forms a small tube, and 
shortly before its junction with the oviduct (ov.) is abruptly reduced 
to an exceedingly slender convoluted tube. The interior walls of the 
sac-like portion of the penis are covered with small papille, and 
the narrow slender portion with small irregular plications. The 
spermatheca (sp.), where it separates from the oviduct, is large and 
sac-like, thence contracted to a slender tube that follows the 
convolution of the uterus, to which it is attached by fine tissue. 
From the interior walls of the sac-like portion arise numerous 
