TOPS AND TURBANS. 247 
remained apparently as many as before; and, 
second, that on subsequent visits I gathered very 
few. But whether we collect them or merely watch 
their movements and study their habits, they soon 
become like old friends to anyone who has learned 
the pleasant art of putting himself in sympathy 
with the lower animals. 
The color of the shell is dark purple, almost 
black on the outside, with a greenish white pearly 
layer beneath. The whorls are four in number, 
of which the uppermost ones are often somewhat 
eroded. The body-whorl is puckered near the 
- suture, the umbilicus is nearly closed, and the colu- 
mella is set with two little white knobs near its 
base. The common length of the shell is less than 
an inch, but sometimes old specimens are found 
which are considerably longer. 
Variety subapértum, Cpr., differs in having 
more prominent spiral ridges, which are usually 
more roughened, and in having a prominent umbili- 
eal pit. It lives in the Vancouver district. 
Chloréstoma gallina, Fbs., the 
Speckled Turban-shell, Figure 
278, is a southern species, with 
a solid shell, mostly black in 
color, but finely mottled with a 
lighter shade, like the feathers 
of a speckled hen, as its name 
indicates. Var. tincta, Hempl., has a streak of 
yellow on the base, just below the columellar teeth. 
Fig. 278 
