Temperature n/' S'prmg'.s . 31 



of water, of Q6."G R., by which the temperature was raised to 

 37."5 R. When subsequently weighed it was only 7 oz. 



3. A third piece of basalt of 14.5 oz, weight, was not heated 

 so strongly as the preceding, although it was melted in different 

 points, and was placed in 112.5 oz. of water, at 29° R., which 

 was raised to 48^ K. The basalt afterwards weighed 13.6 oz. 



4. A fourth piece, of 22 oz., was heated very strongly, but 

 without beginning to melt. It raised the temperature of 112.5 oz. 

 of water at ST.^S R. to 62.°3, and then weighed 21 oz.* 



In order to compare the results of these experiments with one 

 another, we will reduce the weight of the basalt employed to 

 16 oz., or 1 civil pound, from which we gather, that, in the 

 same quantity of water the elevation of temperature bore an 

 exact relation to the mass of the glowing basalt. We will set 

 aside the first experiment, as in it a smaller quantity of water 

 was used. We then find 16 oz. of basalt raised the tempera- 

 ture of 112.6 oz. of water, — 



From the second experiment, half melted, - - 24.''2 R. 



third a little less melted, - 22.°31 



fourth white heat, without melting, I8.°C7 



These results shew a conformity which we should not have 

 expected; for the degrees of temperature diminish just as the 

 heat in each succeeding experiment was supposed to be less. 

 If we admit the first experiment, which produced the greatest 

 increase of temperature, we may assume, that 1 lb. of half melt- 

 ed basalt can raise the temperature of 7 lb. of water 24' R. ; 

 consequently, 2 lb. would raise the same quantity 48° R. If 

 we now take the mean temperature of the atmospheric water 

 whicii supplies the hot springs of Carlsbad, at -j- 11° R., we 

 then find that 2 lb. of half-melted basalt can raise 7 lb- of wa- 

 ter from 11° R. to 59° R-, which is the temperature of the 



• In these experiments the increase of temperature of the water must 

 certainly be regarded as too little, from the inevitable loss of heat out of the 

 vessel, partly by conduction, partly by radiation, and this loss must, of course, 

 have been greater the higher the temperature of the water. This may partly 

 have caused the less elevation of temperature in the second and third experi- 

 ments, as the water was already heated by the preceding one. Any way, 

 however, this loss of warmth was small, for I afterwards observed, that 10' 

 elapsed before the thermometer fell 1' R., and, in a much sliorter time, the 

 basalt had given ofT'its heat to the water. 



