58 Dr Gillies on the Ancient Roads of the Peruvians. 



passes which communicate between San Juan and Coquimbo, 

 and between La Rioja and Copiapo, which latter place is situ- 

 ated on the southern boundary of the desert of Atacama ; and 

 in that part which is denominated El Despoblado, it is crossed 

 by the road which communicates from Salta to the port of Co- 

 bija, at the northern extremity of the Atacama desert. This 

 latter place has of late risen to some importance, having, under 

 the name of El Puerto Lamar, been erected into a free port by 

 the government of Bolivia, for the introduction of goods into 

 that country, so as to avoid the heavy transit duties and other 

 charges to which they are subjected, on passing through the port 

 of Arica and other parts of the Puertos Intermedios, which be- 

 long to the Peruvian Republic, or the government of Lower 

 Peru. This spot, which is the only place where the Republic 

 of Bolivia communicates with the Pacific Ocean, notwithstand- 

 ing all the encouragement given to it by an almost entire exemp- 

 tion from duties, is yet so scantily supplied with water for the 

 use of man and beast, that it can never become a place of exten- 

 sive population. 



On the Stomach of the Manis fentadactyla of Ceylon. By C. T. 

 Whitefield, Esq., Assistant-Surgeon, Royal Artillery. 

 Communicated by Sir James Macgrigor, Director-General 

 of the Army Medical Department, &c. &c. With a Plate. 



A FEW weeks ago, while engaged in the dissection of an indi- 

 vidual of the Edentated family, Pangolin, " Manis pentadac- 

 tyla'' (or trivially. Scaly Lizard), I observed, within its stomach, 

 a cyst, which, as it was filled with a vast number of worms ol" 

 the Ascaris genus, I was led to consider as a deviation from 

 the natural structure of the organ. But having since examined 

 the stomach of two other individuals, in which the same features 

 were found, that conclusion has been necessarily abandoned. 

 This structure appears to me, from its peculiarities, to deserve 

 the notice of those engaged in the pursuit of comparative ana- 

 tomy ; and Baron Cuvier having described distinctly, in his 

 Anatomic Comparee (vol. iii. p. 387.)^ the form, division, and 

 pyloric granular structure of this stomach, and yet left unno- 



