Di- Fleming un (he Climate of the Arctic Regions. 69 

 groups will be found species linked together by external resem- 

 blance, yet widely separated by geographical distribution. In 

 every genus, whether limited or extensive, there is a leanmg 

 this w^y, (even in the Palms, to which Mr Conybeare rather 

 incautiously alludes), though this cumulative evidence has been 

 strangely overlooked. These plain truths, familiar to every one 

 in the least degree acquainted with the laws which regulate the 

 distribution oi animals, constitute the foundation of my argu- 

 ment, though it has been unaccountably perverted by my oppo- 

 nent. He exhibits me as stating that, " because some genera are 

 not limited, therefore no genera are so limited," or " because, 

 in certain widely diffused genera you cannot argue from the ha- 

 bits of some of the congenerous species, to the rest, therefore 

 you cannot argue thus in any genera whatsoever." Now, such 

 views of the subject never entered into my mind ; and most cer- 

 tainly I was never guilty of sending such nonsense to the press. 

 The reader will search in vain for it in my paper of April last. 

 It has been said, that, " when a man has the framing both of 

 his own argument and that of his antagonist, he must be a 

 very unskilful logician if he do not come off with advantage." 

 But though the " narrow system of Oxford logic," in which 

 my opponent states that he has " unfortunately been trained," 

 may have dictated to him such a mode of proceeding, com- 

 mon candour should have exercised a counteracting influence ; 

 and common prudence should have restrained him from putting 

 on record such a proof of his limited acquaintance with the in- 

 fluence of climate as the following, in which, by a singular mis- 

 take, he attributes the habits of the individuals of a species, to 

 the species of a genus : " Nature has limited by the laws of 

 climate, not only species but genera;" " so that although some 

 stray species may be found beyond the general limits, yet these 

 are very rare, and always attest, by their dwarf size, how un- 

 congenial is their habitation." 



Before proceeding to the consideration of what Mr Conybeare 

 supposes to be the proofs of the accuracy of his views, I may 

 notice the censure he passes on my " philosophical boldness," 

 lx?cause I ventured to state that Cuvier had boasted too confi- 

 dently of analogy as a guide ; and, because I quoted the re- 

 semblance of the sheep and the sow, in the general form of their 

 feet, while a great difference existed in the digestive organs. 



