178 Dr Boues Comparaiive Vieiv of the Secondary Rocks 



conglomei-ate, occupying the undermost part, although not al- 

 ways present, as is the case with all the other members. Some- 

 times one member predominates, sometimes another, and even 

 in some localities only one or two members are present. The 

 fossils of this deposite abound particularly in certain beds of 

 clay and marl ; whole beds of a tornatella like fossil, characterise 

 the deposite at the Wand in the Gossau, at Gams, at the Un- 

 tersberg, and in the Tyrol. Amongst the hippurites, like the 

 long horns of Provence, we find the spirulites of the lowest 

 chalk of Rochefort, or smaller species of hippurites. The cy- 

 clolites are very common every where ; it is the Cyclus hemisphe- 

 ricus so common in the chalk and greensand of the Perigord. 

 The Gryphaea Columba of the greensand is found in it in the 

 Gossau, and has been confounded by Mr Lill with the Gry- 

 phaea arcuata. The variety of madrepores, astroites, agaricia, 

 fungites, &c., is very great every where; but what is most striking 

 amongst these secondary fossils, to which must be added some 

 species of great inocerames or mytilites, Ostrea vesicularis of 

 the chalk, are found a great many bleached univalve and 

 bivalve shells, like rostellaria, turitella, natica, ovula, trochus, 

 pleurotoma, area, cucullaea, lucina, nucula, pecten, corbula, 

 solen, delphinula, lituolites, discorbites, &c., fossils of which 

 the species are often tertiary ; and, indeed, so tertiary, that con- 

 chologists, who have not been in loco, thought there must be 

 two formations. This opinion, however, is erroneous, for the 

 same bed, even the same hand-specimen, contains cyclolites, gry- 

 phites, inocerames, mixed with these tertiary fossils. To the 

 list of secondary fossils I must add the Ananchites ovata, and 

 belemnites, which I found at the foot of the Wand, in Austria. 

 After this detail, I leave to the geological public to judge of 

 the discrepancy of opinion between myself and Messrs Murchi- 

 son and Sedgwick, who, as I hear, taking only into considera- 

 tion the tertiary fossils, have classified the deposite in which 

 they ai*e contained, with the tertiary class, and suppose that 

 these fossils had already existed in the time of the green- 

 sand and chalk deposite. But, does not the greensand of Eng- 

 land sometimes afford fossils also found in the tertiary soil .-• 

 The most curious localities of this formation is where the sand- 

 stone, conglomerate, and marl only are present, as at Hinter 



