180 Dr Boue's Comparative Vicxi) of the Sccondartj Rocks 



In the Carpathian chain, the undermost part of this vast depo- 

 site is marl and Umestone ; the middle part is very quartzy, 

 and the uppermost part is characterised by a smaller or greater 

 number of beds of a particular compact limestone, containing am- 

 monites, belemnites, and encrinites. Instances of it are seen at 

 St Veit near Vienna, and also between Trentschin, and Silein, 

 and Arva in Hungary. It is identical with the ruiniform or land- 

 scape marble of Florence ; and beautiful ruiniform varieties are 

 met with both in the Carpathians and in the Alps (Klosternen- 

 berg, Sontagsberg.) 



These contorted and curved strata, pass gradually into chlo- 

 ritic greensand rocks, so that both deposites are intimately 

 united. This transition often takes place upon two sides, as 

 in the section between lablunka and Silein in the Carpathians, 

 or between Teisendorf and Reichenhall in Bavaria, or on one 

 side, as between Gmund and Trauenstein. In this last place, 

 the greensand part is entangled between the greyish sand- 

 stone formation and the Alpine limestone of the Trauenstein, 

 in the Geschlief, in such a way that one would be apt to say 

 that the vertical strata of the Trauenstein cover the greensand ; 

 but an examination at once disproves such an opinion. Masses 

 of serpentine are found in the greyish sandstone, in two points 

 between Waidhofen and Ipsitz, as well as in Italy ; and ophite 

 or diorite form curious veins in the lowermost marly part of the 

 Moravian district of Teschen and Paskaw, &c. 



The classification of this sandstone has hitherto been attended 

 with much difficulty ; but no one could believe that, if the Al- 

 pine limestone belongs to the Jura limestone, this sandstone 

 must belong to the greensand ; for I found it lying upon newer 

 parts of the Jura limestone, and containing diceratites, madre- 

 pores, &c., at Andryschow, in Gallicia ; and this Jura lime- 

 stone is the same that extends from Ernstbrunn, in Austria, to 

 Nicolsburg, to Kui'owitz, Stramberg, Stanislowitz, Podgoreze, 

 and at last to the great Jura deposite of Russian Poland. The 

 Jura limestone, a well characterized transition limestone, and 

 the undermost part of our problematical sandstone, forms a 

 great extent of country in Eastern Moravia, and Gallicia, 

 marked on the maps as entirely transition limestone. Besides, 

 Mr Lill is of opinion that our sandstone alternates with Jura 



