1 26 Ciliary Motions in Reptiles and Warm-blooded Animals. 



appearance ; but they are not smaller than I had formerly seen 

 them in several instances, and here also their motion is equally 

 characteristic as in those cases in which they are larger. For 

 the most part I used a doublet lens of ^-^ of an inch focus, though 

 the phenomenon could be sometimes seen with a lens of ^^^ of 

 an inch. The piece of membrane to be examined was folded as 

 directed, wetted with water, and covered with a thin plate of 

 mica, which spreads out the object, disposes the water suitably 

 at the edge of the fold, at the same time preventing its evapor- 

 ation, and obviates the risk of the lens touching the fluid when 

 a very high power is employed. 



The mammiferous animals I made use of were rabbits. In 

 these I first perceived the phenomenon on the mucous membrane 

 of the trachea, nostrils and maxillary sinus. The readiest way 

 of seeing it in the windpipe, I found, was to cut out a portion 

 of the posterior membranous part of the tube where the cartila- 

 ges are wanting, as this can be readily folded for examination 

 with the microscope. The ciliary motion was particularly strong 

 in the nasal cavities, and, as noticed by Purkinje, continued 

 longer in this than in other situations. It seemed to me more 

 distinct on the membrane covering the inferior turbinated bone, 

 and within the maxillary sinus, less so on the septum of the 

 nose. The course of the impulsion could be readily determined 

 on the inferior turbinated bone ; on placing the parts in tepid 

 water, and letting fall some charcoal powder on their surface, 

 the particles were slowly carried from behind forwards, follow- 

 ing the direction of the projecting laminae of the bone a a. Fig. 1, 

 Plate III., where the arrows indicate the direction in which the 

 particles were conveyed. On breaking open the maxillary sinus 

 and trying it in the same way, the impulsion seemed to be di- 

 rected to the back part of the cavity, and it is there that its 

 opening is situated, which is concealed from view in the figure 

 at b, by the ethmoidal spongy bones. 



I made several unsuccessful trials before I could distinguish 

 the ciliary motion in the generative organs of the rabbit. At 

 length, however, I perceived it very distinctly and satisfactorily 

 in the Fallopian tube. Two of the unsuccessful attempts were 

 made on rabbits three or four days after impregnation, as ap- 

 peared from small ova which were found in the uterus. 



