330 Mr David Stevenson's Observations on the 



per hour. This indined plane is a mile and a half in length, 

 and its rise is at the rate of one in 96. 



Some idea may be formed of the load these engines are ca- 

 pable of taking, and of the rate of charges and expense of fuel, 

 from the fact, that, during my stay in Liverpool, the " Atlas'" 

 engine brought in forty-seven waggons, being a load of 160 tons, 

 for which the company"'s charge would be L. 70 Sterling, or at 

 the rate of L. 1, 10s. per waggon. It is, I believe, calculated 

 that the combustion of half a pound of coke will produce steam 

 sufficient to carry one ton one mile, at the rate of travelling 

 adopted on this railway, so that the conveyance of one ton from 

 Liverpool to Manchester requires about 15 lb. of coke, the cost 

 of which is about 2d. The expense, therefore, of fuel for bring- 

 ing 160 tons from Manchester to Liverpool, according to this 

 calculation, may be taken at L. 1, 10s., while the company's 

 charge for carriage is L. 70 ; so that the chief expenditure, after 

 the interest of the first cost of the railway, is in keeping the en- 

 gines and railway in repair. 



The second class train makes the journey in two hours, and 

 has generally eight or ten carriages, which are open, and each 

 seated for twenty-four persons. There are nineteen stations on 

 the line where this train regularly stops, for the accommodation 

 of passengers ; and at each station there is a watchman, who 

 makes signals if he sees cause for stopping the train. The sig- 

 nals are made during the day by red flags, and by lights after 

 sunset. 



The first class train makes only one stoppage, at Newton, to 

 take in fuel and water, and performs the journey of thirty miles 

 in an hour and a half The coaches in this train are framed 

 and covered like handsome road-carriages, and are seated for 

 eighteen passengers, with the exception of the railway mail 

 coach, which goes at the end of the first class train, and is seated 

 for twelve persons. The charge for passengers from I,iverpool to 

 Manchester by the first class train in the mail is 6s. 6d., and in 

 the other carriages 5s. 6d. In the second class train, the fare by 

 the closed carriages is Ss. 6d., and by the open ones 4s. The 

 weight of luggage allowed to each passenger is 601b., beyond 

 which a charge is made at the rale of 3s. per cwt. The charge 

 for conveying a four-wheeled road carriage is 20s., and a two 



