0)1 Arlesian or Overflowing Wells. 121 



which sprang to the height of a yard above the ground, as 

 thick as a man's arm, and yielded enough of water to drive an 

 adjoining mill. 



Also, at Gonnehem, near Bethune, in the department of Pas- 

 du-Calais, a mill-wheel, 3 yards in diameter, was driven by the 

 united water of four wells, bored to a depth of 45 yards, and 

 thus 200 kilogrammes of meal were ground in 24 hours. The 

 Avater of these wells rose 3-57 yards out of the ground. 



Equally noted for their abundance, as for their utility, are 

 those at Roubaix, near Arras. This little town was in danger 

 of losing, from want of water, its principal support, the silk-spin- 

 ning and dye-works, when M. Hallette succeeded, after much 

 difficulty, in boring several very copious wells, one of which 

 even yields 288 cubic yards of water in a day, or double the 

 power of a steam-engine of 20 horse power. The Socicte dc 

 T Encouragevient in Paris has rewarded the meritorious M. Hal- 

 lette with the prize of 3000 francs. 



Lastly, the overflowing or spouting wells, those which have 

 been lately discovered at Amalienbad, near Laugenbruck, in the 

 county of Baden, are worthy of notice. They are bored 58 feet 

 deep, and yet ascend 8 feet above the surface of the ground. 

 Their water, which amounts to 460 tierces a day, is very 

 free from salts, as are the most of the Artesian wells, but is dis- 

 tinguished from them by containing sulphuretted hydrogen, 

 evidently from the bituminous pyritous slaty coal from which this 

 spring seems to rise. The tempei-ature of this artificial natural 

 sulphureous water is 55° — 56°^ F. — (Berlin Nachricld, v. 9, 

 Oct. of this year.) 



Agreeably to the design of this review, we have hitherto 

 spoken chiefly of those appearances which relate to the boring of 

 fresh water springs. The same phenomena, however, are afford- 

 ed by salt springs, and often in a very marked manner. 



We shall here only notice one of the most striking examples of 

 this description, an event which marked the opening of the salt 

 shaft at Dlirrenberg. By the perseverance of the superintendant 

 of the salt works, the Counsellor of Mines Borlach, the shaft had 

 already reached a depth of 113 fathoms, when, on the 15th 

 September 1703, the salt water suddenly burst through a layer 

 of gypsum 23 inches thick, which formed the floor of the shaft ; 

 and notwithstanding the most active working of tiic machinery, 



