148 Chronological Series of the Changes made 



800-900. — In the course of this century, the coasts of Brittany were consi- 

 derably altered by storms ; valleys and villages were swallowed up. 



800-950. — Violent storms agitated the lagoons of Venice, and destroyed the 

 islands of Ammiano and Constanziaco, mentioned in the old chronicles. 



1044-1309 — ^Dreadful irruptions of the Baltic sea on the coasts of Pomera- 

 nia ; produced great ravages there, and gave rise to the popular tales 

 respecting the submersion of the pretended city of Vineta, the exist- 

 ence of which is merely hypothetical, notwithstanding the imposing 

 authority of Kant and other celebrated philosophers. 



1106 Old Malamocco, a large city on the lagoons of Venice, was over- 



whelmed by the sea. 



1218. — A great inundation formed the Gulf of Jahde, so named from the 

 small river which watered the fertile country destroyed by this catas- 

 trophe. 



1219, 1220, 1221, 1246, and 1251 — Dreadful hurricanes separated the present 

 island of Wieringen from the continent, and made preparation for the 

 subsequent disrupture of the isthmus which connected North Holland 

 of the present day with the country of Staveren, which is at present 

 in Friesland. 



1277, 1278, 1280, 1287 Inundations swallowed up the fertUe district of 



Beiderland, destroyed the city of Torum, fifty towns, villages and 

 monasteries, and formed the DoUart. The Tiam and the Eche, which 

 watered this little country, disappeared. 



1282 Violent tempests broke down the isthmus by which North Holland 



was united to Friesland, and formed the Zuiderzee. 



1240 An irruption of the sea produced a considerable change in the western 



coast of Schleswig ; many fertile tracts were swallowed up, and the 

 arm of the sea, which separated the island of Nordstrand from the 

 continent, was greatly widened. 



1300, 1500, 1649 Violent tempests carried off three-fourths of the island 



of Heligoland. 



1300 This year, according to Fortis, the city of Eiparum, in Istria, was 



destroyed by the sea. 



1303. — According to Kant, the sea carried off a great part of the island of 

 Rugen, and covered several villages on the shores of Pomerania. 



1337 An inundation carried off fourteen villages in the island of Kadzand 



in Zealand. 



1421 An inundation covered the Bergseweld, destroyed twenty-two vil- 

 lages upon it, and formed the Biesbosch, which extends from Gertnii- 

 denberg to the island of Dordrecht. 



1475. — The sea carried off a large piece of ground eituated at the mouth of 

 the Humber : several villages were destroyed. 



1510 — The Baltic Sea fo-med the opening of the Frisch-Haff, near Pillau, 

 1800 fathoms in width, and from 12 to 15 in depth. 



1530-1532 The sea swallowed up the town of Kortgene in the island of 



North Beweland in Zealand. In the last mentioned year, it also car- 

 ried off the eastern part of the island ot South Beweland, with several 

 villages, and the towns of Borselen ad Remerswalde. 



