Scientific Intelligence. — Geology. 187 



80 feet below the former level. At my request Dr Whippo, 

 the resident engineer, ascertained the direction of the lines 

 north 80° east. Nearly on the same level with the last, on the 

 east side of the Genessee River, and also on the line of the 

 Erie Canal, similar scratches occurred on the hard limestone ; 

 but I know not the direction. I have also found similar traces 

 on the Montrose and Milford turnpike, south of the Great Bend 

 of the Susquehanna in Pennsylvania, probably 1000 feet above 

 any of the before-mentioned localities, and in all cases on hard 

 rock in situ. I see no difficulty in referring this attrition of 

 the surface of rocky strata to the Deluge, — a period when all 

 the loose matter of the globe appears to have been in violent 

 commotion ; but on the cause of lines so regular, and so deeply 

 engraved, I have nothing to offer. 



9. Orig'in of the Air of Air-Volcanoes. — An account has 

 been lately published of a salt named Kniester Salz, brought 

 from Wiehczka by Dr Boue, which contains much carburetted 

 hydrogen. When dissolved in water, the carburetted hydro- 

 gen escapes; hence it is inferred that the gas evolved in many 

 salt-mines, and also in salses in air- volcanoes, may have this 

 origin. 



10. Origin of Diluvium. — Rozet maintains, in a memoir just 

 published, that the diluvium of geologists was produced by the 

 rising through the earth from below of vast quantities of water 

 and carbonic acid. 



11. Overjloicing or Spouting Springs. — M. Mallat, by an 

 ingenious contrivance, is enabled to make use separately of two 

 kinds of waterj sometimes found in a single boring, such as hard 

 and soft water. 



12. New Worl: on Geology. — That excellent man Omalius 

 will soon publish a work on geology, Avhich cannot fail to prove 

 highly interesting and instructive. 



13. Humboldt'' s New Journey. — This distinguished philoso- 

 pher and traveller, will, we are informed, undertake a new sci- 

 entific journey to the southern parts of Russia, with tlie Empe- 

 ror of Russia. 



14. Works on Petrifactions. — Mr Witham of Lartington is 

 preparing a work on the structure of the fossil trees found in 

 our secondary strata, to be illustrated by numerous engravin<Ts, 

 illustrative of the various structures exhibited by these fossil 



