298 Baron de Brincken's Memoir on the 



forest of Bialowlcza, and there attains a very great age and 

 a vast size. The large-leaved lime ( T. grandifblia), on the 

 contrary, is rare, not only in this forest, but in all the Sclavoni- 

 an territory under this degree of latitude. The Bialowieza wood 

 contains three species of poplar, the Populus nigra, alba, and 

 iremula. Two species of Pyrus, viz. the P. Mahis and sylves- 

 tris, the wild apple-tree, and P. pyraster, the wild apple-tree, are 

 pretty common. The wild cherry-tree, Prunus Padus, is rare. 

 We meet with field maple (Acer campestre), and the sycamore 

 (A. pseudo-platanus); the pointed-leaved maple fA. platanoides) 

 is wanting here, and is very rare in Poland. Of the elms there is 

 only the Ulmus campestris, and of the ashes only the Fraxmus 

 excelsior. The service-tree {Sorbus Aucuparia), so common in 

 the north, is neither found in this forest nor in Lithuania. 



Among the shrubs there are wanting many of central Europe. 

 The principal which do occur are found on the stations of the 

 hard-wood trees : the hazel {Corylus Avelland) is the most com- 

 mon ; several species of Salix ; three species of ivy and honey- 

 suckle ; three species of Rhamnus, among which is the alpinus, 

 an unusual phenomenon ; the common privet is very frequent ; 

 dog-wood ; the sloe ; barberry ; hawthorn ; and common Guel- 

 der rose ; different species of Etmymus, as the verrucosus, 

 which, in the south of Europe, is only seen on high mountains, 

 is found in Poland and Lithuania. There are several species of 

 Rosa, Ribes, and Alnus ; the common juniper in abundance ; 

 mezereon, and wild rosemary, in abundance ; common ononis ; 

 and several species of bilberry. Round the stems and stumps 

 are ivy and osier ; the misletoe also is not wanting ; lastly, the 

 heath {Erica, principally the vulgaris and Tetralix), forms 

 the principal turf on the wide expanse of the forest. 



Although GiUibert* has described a great number of plants, 

 yet the botanist will find many others not mentioned by that 

 author ; as, for instance, several rare species of Camptanula, the 

 Cpyramidales, thyrsifioi-a, lilifolia. We observe also here the 

 Veronica sihirica, alpina, and mai-itimay which do not occur in 

 the woods of Poland. We may further enumerate the Draco- 

 cepfudum moldavica, Pedicularis scepirum carolinum, Gentiana 

 umarella, Saxi/raga hirculus, he. and several of the less com- 



" Flora Lithuaiiica, &c. 



