THE 



EDINBURGH NEW 



PHILOSOPHICAL JOURNAL, 



EXHIBITIKGAJf/SllltOF THE 



PROGRESSIVE DISCOVERIES AND IMPROVEMENTS 



IN THE 



SCIENCES AND THE ARTS. 



CONDUCTED BY 



ROBERT JAMESON, 



BEOIUS PROFESSOR OF NATURAI, HISTORY, LECTURER ON MINERALOGY, AND KEEPER OF 

 THE MUSEUM IN THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH ; 



Fellow of the Royal Societies of London and Edinburgh ; of the Antiquarian, Wemerian and Horti- 

 cultural Societies of Edinburgh ; Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy, and of the Royal 

 Dublin Society ; Fellow of the Royal Linnean and Royal Geological Societies of London ; Ho- 

 norary Member of the Asiatic Society of Calcutta ; of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, 

 and of the Cambridge Philosophical Society ; of the York, Bristol, Cambrian, Whitby, Northern, 

 and Cork Institutions ; of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and New 

 castle ; of the Royal Society of Sciences of Denmark ; of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Berlin ; 

 of the Royal Academy of Naples ; of the Imperial Natural History Society of Moscow ; of the 

 Imperial Pharmaceutical Society of St Petersburgh ; of the Natural History Society of Wetterau ; 

 of the Mineralogical Society of Jena ; of the Royal Mineralogical Society of Dresden ; of the 

 Natural History Society of Paris; of the Phllomathlc Society of Paris ; of the Natural History 

 Society of Calvados ; of the Senkenberg Society of Natural History ; of the Society of Natural 

 Sciences and Medicine of Heidelberg ; Honorary Member of the Literary and Philosophical Society 

 of New York ; of the New York Historical Society ; of the American Antiquarian Society ; of 

 the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia; of the Lyceum of Natural History of New 

 York ; of the Natural History Society of Montreal; of the Geological Society of France; of the 

 South African Institution of the Cape of Good Hope ; of the Franklin Institution of the State of 

 Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts, ^c. 4-c. 



APRIL... OCTOBER 1831. 



TO BE CONTINUED QUARTERLY. 



EDINBURGH : 



PRINTED FOR ADAM BLACK, NORTH BRIDGE, EDINBURGH ; 



AND LONGMAN, REES, ORME, BROWN, & GREEN, 



LONDON. 



1831. 



